Early Judaism- A Comprehensive Overview

The older section starting in chapter 10 had probably been much more re- garded as a collection of commonsense folk wisdom and p ...

peated as such, and eventually they recognized and described it explicitly as such. Early Translations: Aramaic and Greek Anothe ...

understand. The earliest extant manuscripts are a Targum of Leviticus (4QtgLev) from the late second or early first centuryb.c.e ...

for text-critical purposes was often denigrated, the discovery of Hebrew manuscripts from Qumran vindicated the veracity of the ...

vertent errors and intentional corrections or supplements, began to affect the Greek texts from the earliest copies that scribes ...

Exodus An extensively preserved manuscript of Exodus written in the Paleo- Hebrew script and dated to approximately the middle o ...

from the latter half of the first centuryb.c.e., also exhibits agreement with the additions in the SP beyond the traditional tex ...

must have used as their source a biblical text that agreed with the Qumran scroll. Josephus even adds further support (Ant.5.45- ...

Samuel like 4QSama, since he also narrates the content, details, and word- ing of that otherwise lost paragraph (Ant.6.68-69). I ...

OG show that verses 6-8 and 10 are a secondary insertion into chap. 10 in the MT, 4QJera, though it agrees with the MT in its ov ...

But in light of the accumulating evidence from the biblical manu- scripts, each of those objections collapsed, and the scroll is ...

classification is still debated. In large part the fragments present a running text of the Pentateuch but have frequent addition ...

Lessons from the Biblical Scrolls In light of this review of the parade of biblical manuscripts from Qumran and the major varian ...

ery ancient manuscript. Many variants were unintentional (e.g., numerous types of errors, inadvertent substitution oflectiones f ...

their earliest, shadowy beginnings the texts solidified and developed by faithful repetition but also by occasional creative, up ...

LXX; but the genetic relationship between all texts argued strongly against it. TheUrtexttheory probably emerged from three fact ...

Third, there was a revival of theories making major advances in chart- ing the history of the biblical text. The discoveries at ...

tions of that book. Thus, the Masoretic texts must be judged on a par with and according to the same criteria by which the LXX, ...

the specific books in the canon and at best inconclusive evidence for any- thing beyond “the Law and the Prophets.” The Prologue ...

work believed to have God as its ultimate author, which the community recognizes and accepts as determinative for its belief and ...