Tissue Engineering And Nanotheranostics

b2815 Tissue Engineering and Nanotheranostics “9.61x6.69”

152 Tissue Engineering and Nanotheranostics

Keywords: Plasmonic nanoparticles, localized surface plasmon

resonance (LSPR), DFM, energy transfer, surface­enhanced raman

scattering (SERs).

1. Introduction

Plasmonic nanoparticles have been widely applied as gene­regulat­

ing agents, imaging agents, and in drug delivery and photorespon­

sive therapeutics.^1 They exhibit intense absorption and scattering a

cross sections that are several orders of magnitude higher than fluo­

rescence without photobleaching and photoblinking. This excel­

lent optical property originates from localized surface plasmon

resonance (LSPR). LSPR represents the strong oscillation of plas­

monic nanoparticle surface electrons when their electric field reso­

nance with a certain wavelength incident light is at a confined

nanoscale. The LSPR has two important effects.^2 Firstly, it gives a

huge local electric field enhancement at the metal nanoparticle

surface. Secondly, it creates a strong enhanced light absorption and

scattering by the nanoparticle at the LSPR frequency in the visible

to near­UV region of spectrum, and the shift of the plasmon reso­

nance displays high sensitivity to the surrounding environment

even at single­molecule level. And in this chapter, we will focus on

explanation of LSPR theory, fabrication of LSPR structures, LSPR

detection technology and plasmonic application­based on LSPR

observation.

Besides, plasmonic nanoparticles could participate in energy

transfer, and act as donor in plasmon resonance energy transfer

(PRET) form and as acceptor in nanometal surface energy transfer

(NEST). Due to the enhanced surrounding electric field, plasmonic

nanoparticles could enhance enormously the Raman intensity of

molecule, which adsorb on their surface. Moreover, plasmonic nano­

particle conjugation, such as cancer therapeutic agents, also absorbs

near­infrared (NIR) light and generates heat photo thermal therapy

(PTT) or reactive oxygen species to kill cancer cells. In this chapter,

we will introduce the theory and application of plasmonic