Xu Hongming and others, ‘‘Train in Both ‘Attack Techniques’ and ‘Concealment
Methods’: A Certain East Fleet Submarine Detachment Can Attack and Hide Without ‘Weak
Spots,’’’People’s Navy,November 9, 2002, 3.
Liu Xianglin and others, ‘‘Reporting on a Certain North Sea Fleet Submarine Base’s
‘Underwater Vanguard Boat’ (Part 2),’’People’s Navy,October 14, 2004, 2.
Jia Fenghua and others, ‘‘Greeting the 16th Party Congress with Excellent
Performance Records: A Certain SubmarineDetachment from the North Sea Fleet Trains
Hard to Improve Survivability Through Self-Designed Exigencies,’’People’s Navy,August 31,
2002, 2.
Srikanth Kondapalli,China’s Naval Power(New Delhi: Institute for Defence Studies
and Analyses, 2001), 142.
Liu and others, ‘‘China’s First Petty Officers.’’
Zou Qinjing and others, ‘‘Ma Lixin: The Dragon Cruises the Ocean Depths,’’People’s
Navy,February 5, 2005, 1, 3.
Lu Yongzheng, ‘‘A Certain Submarine Detachment Makes a Great Leap in War
Management Capability,’’People’s Navy,October 31, 2002, 2.
Zhang Luocan, ‘‘Littoral Port Training Room Attacks Difficulty: A Certain
Submarine Detachment Exercises,’’People’s Navy,March 23, 2002, 1.
Gui Pingdian and others, ‘‘Navy Airmen: High, Difficult Subjects Sharpen
New Recruits,’’People’s Navy,August 8, 2002, 2.
Sun Shiwei and others, ‘‘Can Already Both ‘Seal the Throat with One Sword’ and
‘Escape by Cunning Maneuvering’: A Certain Submarine Unit’s Training Stressing Both
Attack and Defense,’’People’s Navy,July 20, 2002, 1.
Xu Hongming and others, ‘‘Lay Mines ‘in the Enemy’s Rear Area’—An Eyewitness
Account of a Certain PLAN Submarine Exercise Involving Breaking Through
Anti-Submarine Formations,’’Modern Navy4 (2003): 38.
Zhang, ‘‘Littoral Port Training Room.’’
Kondapalli,China’s Naval Power,143.
‘‘PLA Navy Captain Ma Lixin Leads Drill Using New-Type Submarine,’’ CCTV-1,
February 27, 2005, OSC-CPP20050302000014.
Zou and others, ‘‘Ma Lixin.’’
Zhang Shoujun and others, ‘‘Ocean Depths Sharpen Crack Troops,’’People’s Navy,
December 27, 2005, 3.
Liu Huaqing,The Memoirs of Liu Huaqing(Beijing: People’s Liberation Army Press,
2004), 474–77, 494.
Peng Ziqiang,The Research and Development of Chinese Nuclear Submarines(Beijing:
Central Party School Press, 2005), 286.
Huang Caihong and others,Nuclear Submarines(Beijing: People’s Press, 1996), 91.
See, for example, Fang Fang and others, ‘‘The Effects of Long-Term Voyages on the
Blood Cell Components and Rheology of Sailors on Naval Ships and Nuclear-Powered Sub-
marines,’’Chinese People’s Liberation Army Journal of Preventive Medicine4 (2004): 261–64.
Bray, ‘‘Seapower Questions.’’
Unless otherwise specified, this paragraph derives from ONI,Handbook,43–44.
Wang Zufeng and others, ‘‘A Certain South Sea Fleet Mobile Sea Mine Warehouse
Guides Officers: Receive New Mission Assignment Requiring Independent Initiative,’’People’s
Navy,October 8, 2005, 1.
