356
Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering
Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack
Trial (ALLHAT), 71
Antihypertensive medication, 6
Antihypertensive treatment, 264, 310, 315, 319
Antiproteinuric drug, 35
Antiproteinuric patients, 248
Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), 142
Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), 198, 203
APOL1 gene, 188
Apparent resistant hypertension (aRH), 49, 78
Apparent treatment-resistant hypertension
(aTRH)
ABP, 77
antihypertensive drugs, 67
arterial hypertension, 27
bidirectional relationship, 28
cardiorenal events, 67
cardiovascular risk, 26
cardiovascular–renal syndrome, 29
CKD, 28, 36, 59
cumulative incidence, 69
definition, 59
healthier community-dwelling population, 71
home BP/ABPM, 66
MDRD-eGFR, 70
multinomial regression, 70
PATHWAY-2 Study, 35
patients, 25
prevalence of, 25–27
proteinuria, 68
pseudoresistance, 68
renal death, 67
staging, 66
Three-City study, 69
true RH, 66, 67
uncontrolled BP, 59
Appropriate diuretic therapy, 221–222
chlorthalidone, 221
endothelin, 224
HCTZ, 221
nephrotic syndrome, 222
spironolactone, 223
Arterial baroreflex system, 93
Arterial blood pressure (ABP), 77
Arterial remodeling, 161
Arterial stiffness, 82, 328
AASI, 143
albuminuria/proteinuria, 146
aortic characteristic impedance, 142
BP pattern, 143
carotid artery intima and media
(carotid IMT), 141
creatinine level, 139
destiffening, 145
diastolic/systolic goal, 140
endothelium-independent response, 141
evaluation and classification, 143
factors, 142
glomerular filtration rate, 145
hypertension and CKD patient, 143, 144
lipid-lowering agents (atorvastatin), 145
measure blood pressure (BP), 139
measurements, 141
mechanisms, 140
mineral metabolism abnormalities, 145
nontraditional cardiovascular risk factor, 140
peripheral wave reflection, 141
pharmacological strategies, 145
presymptomatic vascular disease, 141
progressive renal impairment, 146
pseudoresistant hypertension, 145
pulse wave propagation, 141
real physiopathological changes, 140
renal function, 139
renal resistive index, 142
seric uric acid, 143
stiffness gradient/mismatch, 140
T helper secretion, 140
threshold values, 146
Arterial vasodilatation, 141
Asymmetric/cirrhotic kidney, 18
Atenolol and metoprolol, 298
Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis, 190
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), 17, 249
Augmentation index, 141–143
Autonomic blocking agents, 3
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney
disease (ADPKD), 19B
Baroreceptor activation therapy, 310
Baroreflex activation therapy (BAT), 152, 157,
158, 307, 317, 318
Barostim system, 319
Beta-blockers (BB), 26, 224, 294, 295, 298
Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS), 291
B-lines, 177
Blood pressure
glomerular filtration rate, 150
neurohumoral mechanisms, 150
regulation, 96
renal perfusion pressure and sodium
excretion, 149
renal pressure natriuresis mechanism, 149
renal sympathetic nerve activity, 150–152
resistant hypertension and kidney disease, 149Index