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154 J. A. CRAME & B. R. ROSEN Currie 1998; Huston 1999; Ricklefs 1999; Qian & Ricklefs 2000). It is the intention of thi ...
CENOZOIC BIODIVERSITY 155 Fig. 1. The physical isolation of Antarctica. Late Eocene and Middle Miocene south polar projections r ...
156 J. A. CRAME & B. R. ROSEN physical isolation of Antarctica. Although largely separated from the other southern conti- ne ...
CENOZOIC BIODIVERSITY 157 Fig. 2. Pliocene closure of the Central American Seaway. Maps redrawn and simplified from Stanley (199 ...
158 J. A. CRAME & B. R. ROSEN Causes of Cenozoic biodiversification It would appear then that if we are to find a satis- fac ...
CENOZOIC BIODIVERSITY 159 Fig. 3. Disruption of a circum-equatorial seaway by Cenozoic plate tectonic movements. Late Cretaceous ...
160 J. A. CRAME & B. R. ROSEN Extrinsic mechanisms of diversification Closure of the Tethyan Ocean in the Middle East. At th ...
CENOZOIC BIODIVERSITY 161 Fig. 4. Closure of the Indonesian seaway. Redrawn and simplified from Hall (1998, figs 12 and 16). See ...
162 J. A. CRAME & B. R. ROSEN many modern genera and species evolved (Veron 1995; Crame 2001, and references therein). At th ...
CENOZOIC BIODIVERSITY 163 eccentricity of orbit, have periods of 41 ka and 100 ka, respectively; they are complemented by the an ...
164 J. A. CRAME & B. R. ROSEN CAI may have had an effect since 15-11 Ma BP (Cronin & Dowsett 1996). Even though temperat ...
CENOZOIC BIODIVERSITY 165 something else involved? It is again tempting to link a phase of rapid diversification to one of rapid ...
166 J. A. CRAME & B. R. ROSEN BELLWOOD,D. R.& HUGHES, T. P. 2001. Regional-scale assembly rules and biodiversity of cora ...
CENOZOIC BIODIVERSITY^167 HALLAM, A. 1994. An Outline of Phanerozoic Bio- geography. Oxford University Press. HANSEN, T. A., KEL ...
(^168) J. A. CRAME & B. R. ROSEN richness in the Cape flora of South Africa. Nature, 412,181-183. RICKLEFS, R. E. 1999. Glob ...
Palaeontological databases for palaeobiogeography, palaeoecology and biodiversity: a question of scale PAUL J. MARKWICK 1 & ...
170 PAUL J. MARKWICK & RICHARD LUPIA Fig. 1. Schematic representation of different database types. (a) Flat file format: r 1 ...
PALAEONTOLOGICAL DATABASES 171 Fig. 2. Basic database structure for palaeontological databases. Fields in bold (e.g. Taxon#') in ...
172 PAUL J. MARKWICK & RICHARD LUPIA unique value for each record and should have no other meaning (i.e. should not include ...
PALAEONTOLOGICAL DATABASES 173 Table 1. Geographic precision Code 1 2 3 4 5 Explanation Precise location, within 1 km (equivalen ...
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