foraging [continued]
success and climate, 162
in tapirs, 242
foraging success hypothesis, 206
forest floor, microtopography, 24
forest plots, 90
Forest Rabbit. See Sylvilagus
brasiliensis
Forestry Law, 412
forests
acquired for conservation, 372
comparison of precipitation
among, 326, 327t, 328
composition of, 252, 304-320,
316-318, 434-435
loss of, 9. See also deforestation
successional, 48t
types of, 39, 306f, 318t
Forests on Farms and Corridors
Project, 366-367
Formicidae, 125, 132-136
Forsyth, Adrian, 365, 372
fossil fuels, 324
Friends Committee on Unity with
Nature, 380
Friends of Monteverde Cloud Forest,
361
Friend's School, 369, 371, 373
frijol tapado, 414-415
Fringe-lipped Bat. See Trachops
cirrhosus
froghoppers, 101-102, 393, 409-410
Froglog, 173
frogs
courtship and mating in, 163-164
oviposition and embryo mortality,
173
population crashes in, 156f
predators of, 159-160
response to El Nino, 166
frugivores. See also fruit handling
abundance of, 43 7t
opportunistic, 259
fruit
abundance and bat reproduction, 227
abundance and quetzal migration,
194
color, 257
size and shape, 260-261
fruit handling, 258-259
in birds, 214, 289
fruiting, 227, 283-286
and bird pollination, 201
of figs, 273
patterns of trees, 65, 281-283
fruit production, 403
functional groups, of aquatic insects,
96
Fundacion Centro Ecologico Bosque
Nuboso de Monteverde, 369
funding, 362, 364, 367, 377
for research, 431
fungi, 60-61, 125, 410, 424. See also
mushrooms, mycorrhizae
as coffee pests, 402
and farming, 391
grown by ants, 133-134
in gut of invertebrates, 83-85
mice as dispersers of spores, 240
and mutualisms with beetles, 110-
111, 117, 118
and roots, 323
fungicides, 402
Fusarium, 410Galictis vittata (Grison), 233
gall formation, 128
gall wasps, 126
gaps, 308, 346
clumping of, 313
colonization of, 285, 290, 310-312
rate of regeneration, 312-313
variation among, 309
gemmae, 80
Gender and Women's Studies
Program, 370
gene flow, 255
and habitat fragmentation, 422
and seed dispersal, 266
genetic diversity, 290, 420
genetic improvement, 397, 400
geographic isolation, 156, 422. See
also habitat fragmentation
geologic history, 20
geomorphological activity, 23
German Herpetological Society, 358
germination, 265, 285, 442
Gesneriaceae, 51, 252
Giant Anteater. See Myrmecophaga
tridactyla
Gilricidia sepium, 403
glass frogs, breeding systems of, 163-
164
global warming, 171, 231-232, 425,
428
and amphibian declines, 169
Golden Toad. See Bufo periglenes
Golden Toad Laboratory for
Conservation, 174, 430
government incentives, 367
grasses, 61-63
and cattle grazing, 399
grasshoppers, 98-99
grassroots organizations, 351, 354,
374
Gray-breasted Wood-Wren. See
Henicorhina leucophrys
Gray Fox. See Urocyon
cin ere oar gen teus
Gray Lichen Anole. See Norops
intermedius
grazing, rotational, 393, 395, 399
Great-tailed Crackles. See Quiscalus
mexicanus
Green-eyed Frog. See Rana forreri
Green Hermit. See Phaethornis guy
greenhouse effect, 170
Grison. See Galictis vittata
group living, of treehoppers, 104
growth
of elfin forests, 305
of lizards, 158, 168Gryllidae, 98
Guacimal Land Company, 353, 356,
357
Guanacaste National Park, 440
Guanacaste Province, 399
guans, 232, 435
guilds, 199-200, 282
of birds, 449
of hummingbirds, 216-218
of plants, 253-254
Guindon, Wilford, 4, 372
gullies, 32
gut passage rate, 188habitat
diversity, 439
preferences and seed dispersal,
265
and productivity in wrens, 208
saturation, 189
use of amphibians and reptiles,
166-169
use of treehoppers, 104
habitat destruction
associated with dairy farming, 394
effect on birds, 197
effect on tapirs, 234, 242
habitat fragmentation, 189, 234-235,
422, 448
due to deforestation, 426
effect on birds, 202
Hadley cell circulation, 19
halteres, 122
Hampea, 444
mortality, 319
Harlequin Beetle. See Acrocinus
longimanus
Harlequin Frog. See Atelopus varius
Harpellales, 83
harvesting intervals, 396
haustoria, 58
hawkmoths, pollination by, 66, 248
hawks, nest predation by, 196
heat sensitivity, of reptiles, 168
Heliocarpus, mortality, 319
hemiepiphytes, 55, 70, 73, 273
Hemiptera, 96, 99-106
Henicorhina leucophrys (Gray-
breasted Wood-Wren), 187f
herbicides, 402
herbs, 51-52
families of, 519-522
seed dispersal, 258
species, 46t
Hercules Beetle. See Dynastes
hercules
Hesperiidae, 119
Heteroptera, 99-100
Hippoboscidae, 123
Hispid Cotton Rat. See Sigmodon
hispidus
histosols, 27
epiphytic, 34
hog production, 405, 407, 415
Holdridge, Leslie, 352
homesteading, 357, 363, 367566 Index