lupeol, 452
Lutra longicaudis (Southern River
Otter), 233
Mac Arthur Foundation, 359
madero negro. See Gilricidia sepium
magnesium, 391
maize, 409
Malathion, 410
male-male competition
among lek-mating birds, 189
in frogs and toads, 163, 164
in long-horned beetles, 114
mammals. See also names of specific
mammals
arboreal, 239-240
change in abundance of, 232—234
interactions with other taxa, 228,
229
pollination by, 249-250
reproductive ecology, 226-228
research on, 235
seed dispersal by, 257
species diversity of, 223, 224-225
species list of, 553-557
systematics, 225-226
manganese, 391
Mantled Howler Monkey. See
Alouatta palliata
manure management, 395, 396
Margarodidae, 105
Margay. See Felis wiedii
marketing, coffee, 401
Marmosa mexicana (Mexican Mouse
Opposum), 229, 235
mate choice, in female birds, 189
maternal investment, of treehoppers,
104
mating behavior, of long-horned
beetles, 114
mating systems, of Brown Jays,
212
maturation, in birds, 189
mayflies, 84
Meadow Treefrog. See Hyla
pseudopuma
Megalopodinae, 115-116
Melastomataceae, 70
pollination of, 249
seed dispersal in, 256
Meliaceae, 49
Meliosma subcordata, 262
Meliponinae, 137-138
Membracidae, 103-104
Mendenhall, Hubert and Mildred,
356
metamorphosis, 106, 122
Mexican Mouse Opposum. See
Marmosa mexicana
mice, 236
aggression in, 238
pollination by, 275-276
Miconia, 312
microbes, biomass of, 336
microbial infestation, of fruit, 211
microclimate, 33
and invertebrate abundance, 337
micro-satellites, 204
Microsciurus alfari (Alfaro's Pygmy
Squirrel), 236
midges, 83, 429
migration
altitudinal, 255, 361, 367
in birds, 183 and corridors, 439-
442
in insects, 96, 130
in mammals, 229, 231
and seed dispersal, 263
in birds, 183-184, 194
corridors, 427
in froghoppers, 410
in insects, 438
in lepidopterans, 118-119, 120
seasonal in mammals, 231
milk quality, 397
mimicry, 121-122
in hymenopterans, 126
intersexual, 251, 279-281
in long-horned beetles, 114
in wasps, 130, 131-132
mineralization, 334
mineral supplements, 396, 400
mineral weathering, 27
Ministry of Agriculture and
Ranching, 393, 410
Ministry of Education, 360
Ministry of Natural Resources,
Energy, and Mines, 353
Ministry of the Environment and
Energy, 353
Missouri Botanical Garden, 39
mist, 18
mistletoes, 81-82
colonization of host trees, 265
as food for birds, 200
seed dispersal, 288-289
mites, 139
nectar-feeding, 250
in soil, 337
moisture availability, and frog
habitats, 166
molecular techniques, 431
Molothrus aeneus (Bronzed
Cowbird), 419
molt, in birds, 195
Monge, Juan Jose, 390t
monitoring systems, 203, 429, 431
monkeys, 233
Montane Anole. See Norops altae
Montanoa guatemalensis (Tubu),
366, 449
Monteverde
maps of, 7f, 8f
regions of, 5-9
research in, 9, 11-13
settlement of, 3-5, 10-11,
353-356
Monteverde 2020, 378-379
Monteverde Butterfly Garden, 355,
374, 382-383, 390tMonteverde Cloud Forest Preserve,
351, 374,439
and economic growth, 376
education, 360
origins and development, 357-360
Monteverde Conservation League,
170, 198, 203, 351, 358, 361-
367, 397, 430, 441, 448
education by, 364-365
origins and development, 362-364
Monteverde Flora Project, 39-40
Monteverde Institute, 373
origins and development, 369-370
Monteverde Reserve Complex, 351,
367,439
map of, 6f
Monteverde salamander. See
Bolitoglossa subpalmata
mortality. See also embryo mortality
rates of trees, 319
sources of in amphibians and
reptiles, 159-161
mosquitoes, 122
as fungi hosts, 84
moss, 78-79
amphibians and reptiles associated
with mats of, 168
use in bird nests, 191
Moss, Martha, 372
moths, 118-122
pollination by, 248
Mountain Lion. See Felis concolor
Mountain Robin. See Turdus
plebejus
mushrooms, 61
Mussuranas, 161
Mustela frenata (Long-tailed weasel),
nest predation by, 229
mutualism, 245, 273
loss of, 421
Myadestes melanops (Black-faced
Solitaire)
diet breadth, 260
habitat preferences of, 266
migration in, 184, 263
seed dispersal by, 263, 284, 285f
seed passage rate, 262
mycorrhizae, 323, 338-339
Myrmecophaga tridactyla (Giant
Anteater), 223, 224
myrmecophytes, 291-293
Myrsinaceae, pollination of, 249Nadkarni plots, 90
Naked-footed Mouse. See
Peromyscus nudipes
Nasua narica (White-nosed Coati), 233
nest predation by, 229
national financial crisis, 393
National Geographic Society, 356
national park system, 352, 353
natural disturbances, 308-310
and pollination, 253
and regeneration, 313
natural history walks, 360568 Index