Astronomy
This map unfolds the entire night sky from sunset (at right) until sunrise (at left). Arrows and colored dots show motions and l ...
BOÖTES Path of Comet Catalina Dec 1 6 11 16 21 26 31 VIRGO LIBRA Arcturus j k / c d o g 109 + ` o c f Spica E N 5° Comet Catalin ...
Dec 1^6 11 16 21 26 31 Path of Laetitia N E 0.5° CETUS b 84 NGC 1055 M77 Cruising by a whale of a galaxy Daytime drama for the M ...
5.5 5.75 billion light-years The Milky Way’s family of galaxies is locked in a multi-billion-year battle for gravitational supre ...
66.25 WWW.ASTRONOMY.COM 45 For most of human history, it was incon- ceivable that anything existed beyond the Milky Way. After a ...
6.5 6.75 billion light-years 46 ASTRONOMY • DECEMBER 2015 being one of a smattering of galaxies in which scientists can resolve ...
NGC 3109 Distance: 4.19 million ly Antlia Dwarf Distance: 4.30 million ly Tucana Dwarf Distance: 2.86 million ly Phoenix Dwarf D ...
5 7.7 5 billion light-years 48 ASTRONOMY • DECEMBER 2015 the universe shortly after the Big Bang. These systems are like time ...
8 WWW.ASTRONOMY.COM 49 much of the evolution of the group,” explains Benjamin Williams, an astrono- mer at the University of Was ...
billion light-years 8.25 8.5 T he Milky Way sits near the middle of an assembly of galaxies called the Local Group. This gatheri ...
8.75 9 WWW.ASTRONOMY.COM 51 The Southern Pinwheel Galaxy (M83) is the second-brightest member of the Centaurus A Group. At a dis ...
billion light-years 9.25 9.5 Twin Quasar (Q 0957+561) 9.18 billion light-years 52 ASTRONOMY • DECEMBER 2015 dominated by dark ma ...
NGC 4666 Group Distance: 51 million ly Ursa Major South Group Distance: 56 million ly Ursa Major North Group Distance: 60 millio ...
billion light-years 10.25 10.5 3C 9 (quasar) 10.44 billion light-years 54 ASTRONOMY • DECEMBER 2015 million light-years from hom ...
10.75 CL J1449+0856 (farthest galaxy cluster) 10.51 billion light-years WWW.ASTRONOMY.COM 55 many of its members — including M84 ...
billion light-years 11 11.25 LIMITS OF THE COSMOS The far reaches of space Using the relative velocities of galaxies, astronomer ...
11.5 11.75 WWW.ASTRONOMY.COM 57 Everything astronomers have learned points to a universe populated by superclusters of galaxies, ...
billion light-years 12 12.25 58 ASTRONOMY • DECEMBER 2015 Measuring the expanse Scientists have two different methods to compute ...
12.5 12.75 WWW.ASTRONOMY.COM 59 of space in the Southern Hemisphere. The force of gravity encourages this movement, which means ...
10,000 years 100,000 years 1 million years 10 million years 100 million years Cosmic microwave background 380,000 years IONIZATI ...
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