William_T._Bianco,_David_T._Canon]_American_Polit

A61

Page numbers in italics refer to figures

and tables.

A A A, 343, 354, 354

A ARP, 346, 346, 347, 350, 352, 360, 586,

587, 609

Abe, Shinzō, 439

abolitionists, 152, 152

abortion, 11, 15, 141–42, 382

party platforms on, 284

protests against, 124

public opinion on, 11, 206, 206, 210,

301

Supreme Court on, 11, 141, 508, 513,

521, 522

Abramoff, Jack, 349, 349

absentee voting, 300

Access Hollywood, 253

accountability, 299, 381, 383

of courts, 524, 525

of Federal Reserve Board, 547

political parties in, 286–87, 291

ACLU (American Civil Liberties

Union), 102, 359

active shooter incidents, 131

activism, judicial, 176, 519, 521–22, 525–26

Adams, Abigail, 156

Adams, John, 21, 33, 39, 77, 156, 235, 308,

420, 492

Adams, Samuel, 39

administrative law, 494

administrative state, 456. See also

bureaucracy

advertising

attack ads in, 317–18, 320, 366

and commercial speech, 127–28

by Congress members, 384

on health insurance enrollment, 574

in political campaigns, 243, 316, 317,

318–20, 320, 324, 325, 331, 362, 366

advice and consent role of Senate, 55,

64, 413, 500, 502, 505

Aetna, 602

affirmative action, 150, 180, 186,

188– 90, 191

in college admissions, 150, 189, 190,

191, 194

quotas in, 189, 190, 191

as reverse discrimination, 191

Supreme Court on, 189, 190, 191,

5 17, 5 2 2

Affordable Care Act, 19, 572–74, 598,

600–603

and commerce clause, 93

and competitive federalism, 90

congressional hearings on, 413

contraception in, 117

federal subsidies in, 93

funding of, 572–74, 578

future of, 603

individual mandate in, 601–2, 603

legislative process for, 410, 412,

5 7 2 –74 , 59 0

lobbying in support of, 351

Medicaid in, 89, 93, 599, 602, 603

Medicare in, 600

preexisting conditions in, 601,

603

public opinion on, 202, 207, 2 07,

217–18, 227

repeal and replace proposals on, 12,

57, 66, 88, 572–74, 5 74 , 584, 603

Supreme Court on, 89, 511

Trump on, 12, 66, 218, 572, 574, 575,

578, 603

Afghanistan, 54, 125, 594, 622, 625, 642,

646, 648, 648

African Americans

affirmative action policies for,

188– 90, 191

civil liberties of, 91–92, 109

civil rights of, 17, 80, 81, 151– 54 ,

159–76, 182–83, 188–90

composition of U.S. population, 18,

379

in Congress, 378, 379

as crime victims, 162, 164–66

discrimination against, 61, 81, 88,

91–92, 97, 148–50, 153–54, 159,

164, 173, 175, 183, 194, 267

as federal court judges, 502, 502

party identification of, 17, 17, 2 67,

268– 69, 276

police shooting of, 163, 163–64, 165,

171

political equality of, 22

presidential appointments of, 186, 187

public opinion on hiring preferences

for, 206, 206

racial profiling of, 148–50, 163–64

segregation of. See segregation, racial

in slavery. See slavery

socioeconomic indicators on, 161–63

voter turnout of, 159–60, 160, 182,

215–16, 327, 332, 333

voting districts of, 174–76

voting rights of, 17, 22, 62, 88, 92,

109, 153, 159–61, 183, 513

age

discrimination based on, 91, 92, 97

for drinking, 177, 179, 591

and group identity, 204, 205, 206

and population of elderly, 593

and poverty rates, 579, 581, 592, 593

of retirement, 592–93, 594, 596

and voter turnout, 333

Age Discrimination in Employment

Act (1967), 91, 92

agenda-setting, 250, 284–85

Agricultural Adjustment Administra-

tion, 576

Agriculture Committee, 402, 403

Agriculture Department, 462, 469,

470, 470

and foreign policy, 627

functions of, 471

number of employees in, 474

regulatory capture of, 561

structure of, 471

Aid to Families with Dependent Children,

5 7 7, 584, 604–5 The federal welfare

program in place from 1935 until

1996, when it was replaced by TANF

under President Clinton.

annual benefits in, 605

participation in, 606

Glossary/Index

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