Auxiliaries 269
- gi' buru ‘just completed’
The collocation gi' buru, literally, ‘yet just (now)’, is used to indicate that some
state of affairs has just recently obtained.
(76) Sa'diyah gi' buru dhateng.
Sa'diyah yet just arrive
‘Sa'diyah just arrived.’
(77) Kerbuy bine' pote gella' gi' buru a-budhu'.
buffalo female white before yet just AV-child
‘The albino buffalo had just had a baby.’
In (76) gi' buru indicates that Siti has only recently arrived, and in (77) that the
albino buffalo had just delivered. Although it typically occurs with gi' in this
structure, it is also possible for buru to occur on its own with the same meaning.
So, (78) is synonymous with (76).
(78) Sa'diyah buru dhateng.
Sa'diyah just come
‘Sa'diyah just came.’
- gita', gilo' ‘not yet’
The collocation of gi' with the negative ta' or lo' indicates that the state of af-
fairs described in the clause has yet to obtain. In this form, gi' cliticizes to the
negative morpheme.
(79) Sengko' gilo' maca buku juwa.
I not.yet AV.read book that
‘I haven’t read that book yet.’
(80) Presiden gita' dhapa'.
president not.yet arrive
‘The president hasn’t arrived yet.’
- kera ‘think, guess’
As a main verb kera means ‘think’ or ‘guess’. When used as an auxiliary, it
denotes the future from some point in time established in the discourse.