296 Chapter 10 Modifications to argument structure
Two predicates that generally pattern with this class of verbs are notewor-
thy. The verbs tedhung ‘sleep’ and toju' ‘sit’ have the characteristic lack of
voice marking but have a locative prepositional phrase, (56) and (57).
(56) Dayat tedhung neng ranjang.
Dayat sleep at bed
‘Dayat slept on the bed.’
(57) Hamina toju' neng korse.
Hamina sit at chair
‘Hamina sat on the chair.’
In the object voice, both require the locative suffix, but both optionally take the
ka- prefix, like the verbs of cognition (section 1.3). Thus, both forms in (58) and
(59) are acceptable to most speakers.
(58) a. Ranjang-nga e-tedhung-e Dayat.
bed-DEF OV-sleep-LOC Dayat
‘Dayat slept on the bed.’
b. Ranjang-nga e-ka-tedhung-e Dayat.
bed-DEF OV-KA-sleep-LOC Dayat
‘Dayat slept on the bed.’
(59) a. Korse-na e-toju'-i Hamina.
chair-DEF OV-sit-LOC Hamina
‘Hamina sat on the chair.’
b. Korse-na e-ka-toju'-i Hamina.
chair-DEF OV-KA-sit-LOC Hamina
‘Hamina sat on the chair.’
Tedhung has the additional peculiarity that the transitive form–with actor voice
and locative morphology–has a special meaning. A locative object is strongly
dispreferred (although possible for some speakers).
(60) *?Dayat ngedhung-e ranjang.
Dayat AV.sleep-LOC bed
(Dayat slept on the bed.)
Instead, this form typically takes a human object with the interpretation ‘sleep
with’, with a sexual connotation.