A Grammar of Tamashek (Tuareg of Mali)

478 8 Verbal derivation

(490) Reciprocal Paradigms From -v(C)Ci> Inputs

-vPQu-

'give to e. other'

-n-vkfb-

a. perfective system

PerfP -ann-akfa-

Reslt -ann-lkfa-

PerfN -ann-akfa-

b. short imperfective system

Shlmpf /-asnn-askfA-/

Imprt n-aekf

c. long imperfective system

LoImpfP -t-an-aekfa-

LoImpfN -t-an-akfi-

Prohib -t-sen-aekfa-

b. nominalizations

VblN a-n-akf

-vPQu-

'call each other'

-nvm-vrru-

-aenm-asrra-

-ariim-aevra-

-aenm-asrra-

/-anm-arri-/

nam-arar

-t-mm-arri-

-t-anm-arri-

-t-anm-avri-

a-nm-ararr

-νΡΡυ-

'go to e. other'

-nvm-vkku-

-aenm-askka-

-srilm-askka-

-senm-aekka-

/-snm-skki-/

nam-akk

-t-lnm-akki-

-t-snm-akki-

-t-snm-akki-

a-nm-skk

The /A/ or hi in the Shlmpf can be inferred from the suffixal as or a in
3MaPl aenn-aekfae-n, snm-arra-n, and anm-akka-n. Further 3MaPl Shlmpf
examples with V-final stems are sm-babbs-n 'carry each other (on back)'
(-bubbi>), snm-iss-n 'butcher each other' (-υευ-), anm-ayya-n 'leave each
other' (-uyyu-), and anm-ajja-n 'do (make) each other' (-vji>). 'Call each
other' shows the usual resyllabifications (due to the sonorant r) in the short
imperfectives and the (Sg) VblN (§3.2.4, §3.3.2).
Short-stem reciprocals with -nvm- or dissimilated -n- are exemplified in
(491).

(491) Examples of Short-Stem Reciprocals (-nvm-, -n-), in VblN Form

VblN Recip gloss stem type

a. -nvm-

a-nm-agkad

a-nm-adhrar

a-nm-anhay

a-nm-ahyaj

a-nm-alkah

a-nm-azzay

a-nm-asar

'cut each other'

'stick to each other'

'see each other'

'wound each other'

'underestimate each other'

'know each other'

'graze (wound) each other'

-vPQvC-

-vPPvC-

-vCvC-