The Astronomy Book

INDEX 351

Swedenborg, Emanuel 92
Swift, Jonathan 62

T

Tarter, Jill 339
Taylor, Joseph 236
Taylor, Matt 310
technology 15, 258–9
Tegmark, Max 339
telescopes
early 42–3
Galileo 44, 55, 56–63
improvements in 82, 258
largest 326–7
radio 179, 210 –11, 234
reflecting 43, 58, 84, 85, 104–5
refracting 43, 58, 60, 61
space 145, 188–95, 304–5
ultraviolet 205
X-ray 205
see also by name
Tereshkova, Valentina 208
Thales of Miletus 18
Thorne, Kip 254, 258, 328, 330 , 331
tides 13, 73
timekeeping 13, 62
Timocharis 22
Tinsley, Beatrice 240– 41
Titan 65, 262, 264, 266
Titius, Johann 96–7
Tombaugh, Clyde 13, 84, 118, 145, 286,
314, 315, 338
Trans-Neptunian Object (TNO) 184
Triton 106, 266, 267
trojans 96, 99
Tsiganis, Kleomenis 312–13
Tully, Brent 240
twin paradox 153
Tychonic model 44–7

U

Uhuru X-ray Observatory 190, 205, 214,
216, 254
Ulamec, Stephan 309
Ulrich, Roger 213
Ulugh Beg 19, 28, 30–31
universe
age of 282

cosmic inflation 272–3, 274, 282

expansion of 137, 158, 168, 169, 170 ,

171, 172–7, 180, 199, 224, 240, 241,

258, 259, 268, 274, 282, 284, 296,

298–303

future of 300, 301, 303

mapping 296

measuring 130–37

multiple 271

origin of 12, 15, 145, 168–71, 196–7

shape of 272–3, 274

study of 14

Unsöld, Albrecht 162

Uranus

discovery of 82, 83, 84–5, 96, 97,

106, 184

exploration of 264, 266–7

planetary migration 312–13

Urey, Harold 187

V

variable stars 48–9, 86 , 102, 110, 133

Venus

exploration of 262

life on 230

phases of 34, 63

transit of 42, 64

Viking landers 322

Voyager spacecraft 230, 234, 235, 258,

259, 262–7

W

Walther, Bernhard 44

Wang Chun 28–9

water

comets 207, 308, 309, 311

Earth 308, 309, 311

Europa 266

Goldilocks zone 294–5

Mars 117, 324, 325

Webb, James E. 244

Weber, Joseph 328

Webster, Louise 254

Weiss, Rai 328, 330

Weizsäcker, Carl 166

Wheeler, John 255

Whipple, Fred 206, 207 , 286

Whirlpool galaxy 27, 83, 105

white dwarfs 49, 111, 124, 126, 127, 138,

141 , 145, 178 , 180, 302

White, Ed 247

white holes 220–21

Wilkinson, David 224, 225

Wilson, Robert 196, 204, 226

WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive

Particles) 271

WMAP (Wilkinson Microwave

Anisotropy Probe) 224, 227, 282, 285

Wolf, Rudolf 103

Wollaston, William Hyde 112, 113

wormholes 220

Wright, Thomas 88

Wu, Emperor 28

Wulf, Theodor 140

XY

X-rays 111, 214 –17, 254

yellow dwarfs 127, 279, 295

yellow-white dwarfs 126–7

Yerkes Observatory (Wisconsin) 126

York, Donald 296

Yu Xi 22

Z

Zach, Franz Xaver von 97, 98

Zeeman, Pieter 129

Zeeman effect 129

Zhang Heng 23

zodiac 13

Zu Chongzhi 334

Zwicky, Fritz 140, 141, 145, 176, 178,

180–81, 236, 268, 270