14 R. S Laufer, E. Brett és M. S. Gallops, „Symptom Patterns Associated with Post-Traumatic
Stress Disorder among Vietnam Veterans Exposed to War Trauma", American Journal of
Psychialry 142 (1985): 1304 - 1311.
15 Breslau és Davis, „Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder."
- Lifton, „Concept of the Survivor"; R. J. Lifton, Home from the War: Vietnam Veterans: Neiiher
Victims nor Executioners (New York Simon & Schuster, 1973) - Idézve: M. Norman, These Good Men: Friendships Forged From War (New York:
Crown, 1989), 24. - A. Kardiner és H. Spiegel, War, Siress, and Neurolic lllness (átdolgozott kiadás The Traumatic
Neuroses of War) (New York: Hoeber, 1947), 128. - Ibid., 129.
- Idézi R. Warshaw, / Never Called It Rape (New York: Harpcr & Row, 1988 ), 68
21 Idézi J. Schorer, // Couldn'l Happen to Me: One Woman's Story (Des Moincs, lowa: Des Moincs
Reg isler újranyomás, 1990), 15 - B. L. Green, M. C. Grace, J. D. Lindy et al., „Risk Factors for PTSD and Other Diagnoses in a
General Sample of Vietnam Veterans", American Journal of Psychiatry 174 (1990): 729- 733
23 Laufer et al., „Symptom Patterns"; J. Card, Lives Afier Vietnam: The Personal Impact of
Military Service (Lexington, MA: D. C. Heath, 1983). - J. H. Shore, E. L Tatum és W. M. Vollmer, „Psychiatric Reactions to Disaster: The Mount St.
Helens Experience", American Journal of Psychiatry 143 (1986): 590 - 596. - R. A. Kulka, W. E. Schlenger, J. A. Fairbank et al., National Vietnam Veterán Readjustmenl
Study (NVVRS): Executive Summary (Research Triangle Park, NC: Research Triangle Institute,
1988). - Becslés. Terence Keane, Ph D, Director, Behavioral Science Division, National Center for
PTSD, Boston VA Hospitál, Boston, MA. Az NVVRS tanulmányában található, élethosszig tartó
PTSD elterjedtségére vonatkozó adatokat nem elemezték teljes mértékben. - L. Terr, Too Scared to Cry (New York: HarperCollins, 1990).
28 A. W. Burgess és L. L Holmstrom, „Rape Trauma Syndrome", American Journal of Psychiatry
131 (1974) 981-986. - N. Breslau. G. C. Davis, P. Andreski et al., „Traumatic Events and Posttraumatic Stress
Disorder in an Úrban Population of Young Adults", Archives of General Psychiatry 48 (1991) 216-
- H. Hendin és A. P Haas, Wounds of War: The Psychological Aftermath of Combat in Vietnam
(New York Basic Books, 1984).
31 R. Gnnker és J. Spiegel, Men Under Stress (Philadelphia: Blakeston, 1945).
32 M. Gibbs, „Factors in the Victim Ihat Mediate Between Disaster and Psycho-pathology A
Review", Journal of Traumatic Stress 2 (1989): 489-514; SS. Luther és E. Zigler, „Vulnerability
and Competence: A Review of Research on Resilience in Child-hood", American Journal of
Orthopsychiatry 61 (1991): 6 - 22.
33 E. E. Wemer, „Hign Risk Children in Young Adulthood: A Longitudinal Study from Birth to 32
Years", American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 59 (1989): 72 - 81.
34 R. Flannery, „From Victim to Survivor: A Slress-Management Approach in the Treatment of
Leamed Helplessness", in Psychological Trauma, szerk. B. A. van der Kolk (Washington, D.C.:
American Psychiatric Press, 1987), 217- 232 - A. Holen, A Long-Term Oulcome Study of Survivors from Disaster (Oslo, Norvégia University
of Oslo Press, 1990). - Hendin és Haas, Wounds of War, 214.
- P. Bart és P O'Brien, Stopping Rape: Successful Survival Strategies (New York: Pergamen,
1985 ).
38 Interjú, Clyde, 1988. - Green cl al., „Buffalo Creek Survivors."
40 A. W Burgess és L. L Holmstrom, „Adaptive Strategies and Recovery from Rape", American
Journal of Psychiatry 136 (1979): 1278 - 1282