Across Forest, Steppe, and Mountain_ Environment, Identity, and Empire in Qing China\'s Borderlands

almost disappeared from the whole area. In 2014 , I talked to local vendors of
forest products in the Changbaishan reserve region who believed ginseng
could be found only on farms.
149 Forfigures, Liang Fangzhong, ed.,Zhongguo lidai hukou, tiandi, tianfu
tongji, 273 ; Diao Shuren,“Shilun Kang Qian shiqi liumin chuguan yiken,”
3 ( 1990 ): 227 – 28 ; Reardon-Anderson,Reluctant Pioneers, 49 – 50. For some
discussions, see Isett,State, Peasant and Merchant, 26 – 27 ; Diao Shuren,
“Lun Qingdai dongbei liumin,” 165 – 85.

The Nature of Imperial Foraging in the SAH Basin 115