426 Subject Index
US dialects 6–10, 15–16, 203–221, 223–
239 , 241–252, 265–285, 289–326,
379–391, 393–409
Utah 15–16
vannes 122
Va rbr u l 4 –5, 50, 148 –149, 246
VarcoC index 124
VarcoV index 124
velar 22, 79–80, 85–86, 88
verlan 91, 96, 123
vernacular 251, 379–380, 387
vocal tract length (VTL) 225
vocalic intervals 98, 103–104, 106,
116
voiceless stops 333–335
voice quality 218, 268, 330 –331, 339,
344, 348–349, 352, 381
vowel centralization see undershoot
vowel deletion 96–97, 99–100,
111–112
vowel devoicing 5–6, 102, 110, 112, 114,
117, 119 –120, 177–187, 191–202
vowel formants (position) 58, 74–75,
77–78, 82–83, 86–87, 178–179, 223–
239 , 250, 260–261, 266, 268–277,
282, 292, 314–318, 320–321, 361–364,
380 –381, 397, 399
vowel length (duration) 15, 21–22,
24–26, 72, 98, 106, 277, 292,
294–297, 300–304, 306–308, 313,
321, 358, 399Wavesu r fer 16 4
West Virginia (US state) 379–391
whispered vowels 350
Wisconsin (US) English 118, 293–295,
300, 308, 312–313, 321
Wolof 349
word boundary 41, 44–45, 49, 64, 119Yiddish 294