13 Gaza: B. Bitton Ashkelony and A. Kofsky, eds., Christian Gaza in Late Antiquity (Leiden:
Brill, 2004).
14 See Edward J. Watts, Riot in Alexandria. Tradition and Group Dynamics in Late Antique Pagan
and Christian Communities (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2010); P. Chuvin, A
Chronicle of the Last Pagans (Eng. trans., Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1990),
105–11; Alexandria was favoured by the elite of Aphrodisias for the education of their sons:
Charlotte Roueché, Aphrodisias in Late Antiquity (London: Society for the Promotion of
Roman Studies, 1989), 85–93. The evidence of Zachariah Scholasticus, viewed sceptically
by Alan Cameron, is defended by Watts, Riot in Alexandria, Appendix 2.
15 See Watts, Riot in Alexandria, 5–7. More than twenty of these halls have already been
uncovered.
16 See Alan Cameron, ‘The empress and the poet’, in id., Literature and Society in the Early Byzan-
tine World (London: Variorum, 1985), III; T.E. Gregory, ‘The remarkable Christmas homily
of Kyros Panopolites’, Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 16 (1975), 317–24; Bowersock,
Hellenism in Late Antiquity, 63–5.
17 In general, see Averil Cameron, Christianity and the Rhetoric of Empire, and for the centrality of
paideia in late antique society see Brown, Power and Persuasion in Late Antiquity.
18 Proc., Wars V.1.2.
19 Claudia Rapp, Holy Bishops in Late Antiquity. The Nature of Christian Leadership in an Age of
Transition (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005), 188–95.
20 Cameron, ‘The empress and the poet’.
21 For the interconnection between iconographical themes on mosaics and in poetry see G.W.
Bowersock, Mosaics as History. The Near East from Late Antiquity to Islam (Cambridge, Mass.:
The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2006); mythological themes continued to
be used in late antiquity in many forms of literature and art, including silverware and on
sarcophagi: for one example see Alan Cameron, ‘The young Achilles in the Roman world’,
Journal of Roman Studies 99 (2009), 1–22; Bowersock, Hellenism in Late Antiquity, 64f.; Non-
nus: ibid., 62; Alan Cameron, Last Pagans of Rome, 700–2.
22 See the classic article by Alan Cameron, ‘Wandering poets: a literary movement in Byzan-
tine Egypt’, in Literature and Society in the Early Byzantine World, I. For Dioscorus against the
Greek and Coptic background of Middle Egypt in the late sixth century: L.B. MacCoull,
Dioscorus of Aphrodito. His Work and his World (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of Cali-
fornia Press, 1988); Bowersock, Hellenism in Late Antiquity, 66.
23 See Chapter 9.
24 Bitton-Ashkelony and Kofsky, eds., Christian Gaza in Late Antiquity, with which compare
the same authors’ study of monastic culture there, The Monastic School of Gaza (Leiden: Brill,
2006); Bowersock, Mosaics as History, 32, 56, 58, 62; synagogue mosaics: Chapter 7 below.
25 See David Woods, ‘Late antique historiography: a brief history of time’, in Rousseau, ed. A
Companion to Late Antiquity, 357–75; G. Marasco, ed., Greek and Roman Historiography in Late
Antiquity (Leiden: Brill, 2003); W. Treadgold, The Early Byzantine Historians (Basingstoke:
Palgrave Macmillan, 2007).
26 Alan Cameron, ‘The date and identity of Macrobius’, Journal of Roman Studies 56 (1966),
25–38.
27 M. Rosenblum, Luxorius. A Latin Poet among the Vandals (New York: Columbia University
Press, 1961). Biblical epic: Michael Roberts, Biblical Epic and Rhetorical Paraphrase in Late
Antiquity (Liverpool: F. Cairns, 1985).
28 See Michael Roberts, The Jeweled Style. Poetry and Poetics in Late Antiquity (Ithaca, NY: Cor-
nell University Press, 1989), with the essays in Patricia Cox Miller, The Poetry of Thought in
Late Antiquity. Essays in Imagination and Religion (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2001). For the reuse
of old material in late antique architecture, inappropriately as it might seem to a modern
viewer, see B. Brenk, ‘Spolia from Constantine to Charlemagne: Aesthetics versus ideol-
ogy,’ Dumbarton Oaks Papers 41 (1987), 103–9; J. Elsner, ‘From the culture of spolia to the
cult of relics: the Arch of Constantine and the genesis of late antique forms’, Papers of the
British School at Rome 68 (2000), 149–84.
NOTES TO CHAPTER 6