Chinese Martial Arts. From Antiquity to the Twenty-First Century

6 The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms and the Song Dynasty

1. For the relationship ofThe Water Margin(Shuihuzhuan) to actual Song
   history, particularly the role of martial arts instructors, see Paul Jakov Smith,
   “Shuihu zhuanand the Military Subculture of the Northern Song, 960 – 1127 ,”
   Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 66 , no. 2 (December 2006 ), 363 – 422.


2. Li Tao,Xu Zizhi Tongjian Changbian, Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 2004 ,


3. 2746 ;ZengGong,Nanfeng Xiansheng Yuanfeng lei gao, Taibei: Taiwan
   Zhonghua Shuju, 1971 , 51 , and Toghto,Songshi, Taibei: Dingwen Shuju, 1998 ,


4. 11032 ,respectively.


5. Li Tao,Xu Zizhi Tongjian Changbian, 134. 3198 – 7 , cited in Paul Jakov Smith,
   “Shuihu zhuanand the Military Subculture of the Northern Song, 960 – 1127 ,”
   Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 66 , no. 2 (December 2006 ) 382.


6. Zeng Gongliang,Wujing Zongyao(Complete Essentials from the Military
   Classics), vols. 3 , 4 , and 5 inZhongguo Bingshu Jicheng, Vol. 6 , Beijing:
   Jiefangjun chubanshe, 1992.
   5 .Hua Yue, Cuihui Beizheng Lu,inZhongguo Bingshu Jicheng,Beijing:
   Jiefangjun chubanshe, 1992 , vol. 6 , 681.


7. Hua Yue,Cuihui Beizheng Lu, 686.


8. For Song efforts to procure horses, see Paul Smith,Taxing Heaven’s Storehouse.


9. Xu Dong,Huqian Jing虎鈐經,inZhongguo Bingshu Jicheng, Beijing:
   Jiefangjun chubanshe, 1992 , vol. 6 , 175.


10. Wenying,Xiangshan Yelu, Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 2007 , 2. 39 – 40.


11. Confucius(Edward Slingerland, trans.),The Analects, Indianapolis: Hackett,
    2003 , 23.


12. Wang Pizhi,Shengshui Yantan LuinShengshui Yantan Lu/Guitian Lu,
    Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 2006 , 9. 113.


13. Ouyang Xiu,Guitian Lu,inShengshui Yantan Lu/Guitian Lu, Beijing:
    Zhonghua Shuju, 2006 , 1. 9 – 10.


14. Lieh-tzu(Eva Wong trans.),Lieh-tzu, Boston: London: Shambala, 2001 , 58.
    14 .According theSongshi, Archery Societies were an old or preexisting practice in
    Hebei. Toghto,Songshi, 190. 4725.


15. Su Shi,San Su Quanshu, vol. 12 , Beijing: Yuwen Chubanshe, 2001 , 214.


16. Toghto,Songshi, 190. 4725.
    17 .Songhuiyao Jigao, Taibei: Xinwenfeng Chubangongsi, 1976 ,Bing 7999. 7 / 6 b;
    Li Tao,Xu Zizhi Tongjian Changbian, Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju, 2004 , 20. 449.
    18 .MengYuanlao,Dongjing Menghua Lu, 4. 1 a,“Juntousi”inSiku Quanshu,Hong
    Kong: Chinese University of Hong Kong & Digital Heritage Publishing Ltd., 2004.


17. Wu Zimu,Mengliang Lu, 20. 15 a,“Jiaodi”inSiku Quanshu, Hong Kong:
    Chinese University of Hong Kong & Digital Heritage Publishing Ltd., 2004.


18. Lin Boyuan,Zhongguo Wushushi, Taibei: Wuzhou Chubanshe, 1996 , 210.


19. Toghto,Songshi, 194. 4853 :“In the imperial army [those] paid more thanfive
    hundred cash a month train in martial arts (wuji武技) every day; [those] receiv-
    ing less than three hundred cash, sometimes do labor and sometimes practice.”


20. Meng Yuanlao,Dongjing Menghua Lu, 2 (Dongjiaolou jiejian), and 5 ,
    (Jingwa jiyi), inSiku Quanshu, Hong Kong: Chinese University of Hong
    Kong & Digital Heritage Publishing Ltd., 2004.

252 Notes to Pages 116 – 32