584 Bibliographic Essay
Relations, 142– 72 (Macmillan, 1996). On the relation of international law to liberal
po liti cal economy, see generally Stephen C. Neff , Friends but No Allies: Economic Lib-
eralism and the Law of Nations (Columbia University Press, 1990); and, more briefl y,
Walte r S chiff er, Th e Legal Community of Mankind: A Critical Analysis of the Modern
Concept of World Or ga ni za tion (Columbia University Press, 1954), 118– 31. On Carlos
Tobar, see Richard V. Salisbury, “Carlos R. Tobar,” in Frank W. Th ackeray and John E.
Findling (eds.), Statesmen Who Changed the World: A Bio- Bibliographical Dictionary
of Diplomacy, 545– 53 (Greenwood Press, 1993). On the Tobar Doctrine, see Charles L.
Stansifer, “Application of the Tobar Doctrine to Central America,” 23 Americas 251–
72 (1967).
For a brief account of nationality theory generally, see John Breuilly, “On the
Principle of Nationality,” in Gareth Stedman Jones and Gregory Claeys (eds.), Th e
Cambridge History of Nineteenth- Century Po liti cal Th ought, 77– 109 (Cambridge Uni-
versity Press, 2011); Schiff er, Legal Community of Mankind, 131– 41; and Frank M.
Russell, Th eories of International Relations (D. Appleton- Century, 1936), 204– 32. On
Mazzini, see generally C. A. Bayly, and E. F. Biagini (eds.), Giuseppe Mazzini and the
Globalization of Demo cratic Nationalism, 1830– 1920 (Oxford University Press, 2008);
and Martin Wight, Four Seminal Th inkers in International Th eory: Machiavelli, Gro-
tius, Kant, and Mazzini (Oxford University Press, 2004), 89– 119. On the nationality
school of international law, a fi ne account may be found in Angelo Piero Sereni, Th e
Italian Conception of International Law (Columbia University Press, 1943), 155– 78.
On Mancini specifi cally, there is a sad dearth of writing. But see Sereni, Italian Con-
ception, 160 – 66.
On solidarism, there is an excellent account of its genesis in the French po liti cal
context in Th eodore Zeldin, France 1848– 1945: Politics and Anger (Oxford University
Press, 1979), 276– 318. On Saint- Simon, see Frank Manuel, Th e New World of Henri
Saint- Simon (Harvard University Press, 1956). For his ideas on international relations
in par tic u lar, see Georg C. Iggers, Th e Cult of Authority: Th e Po liti cal Philosophy of the
Saint- Simonians: A Chapter in the Intellectual History of Totalitarianism (Martinus
Nijhoff , 1958), 119– 34. On his plan for Eu ro pe an union, see Derek Heater, Th e Idea of
E u r o p e a n U n i t y (Leicester University Press, 1992), 97– 108. On Alberdi, there is all too
little writing. But see H. B. Jacobini, A Study of the Philosophy of International Law as
Seen in the Works of Latin American Writers (Martinus Nijhoff , 1954), 67– 72. For an
account of the life and career of Lorenz von Stein, see the Introduction to Lorenz von
Stein, Th e History of the Social Movement in France, 1789– 1950 (ed. and trans. by Kaethe
Mengelberg; Bedminster Press, 1964), 3– 39.
Duguit is better covered than most law yers in this area, although it should be borne
in mind that he was not an international lawyer. For fi ne short accounts of his ideas,
see Wolfgang Friedmann, Legal Th eory (5th ed.; Stevens and Sons, 1967), 164– 71; Ju-
lius Stone, Human Law and Human Justice (Stanford University Press, 1965), 159– 66;
and Hymen Ezra Cohen, Recent Th eories of Sovereignty (University of Chicago Press,
1937), 38– 56. For his relevance to international law, see Janne Elisabeth Nijman, Th e