very close to the surface and therefore much disturbed and containing almost no grave
goods. The Troy VI cremation cemetery that Blegen found in 1936 is described by
Korfmann (p. 26) as “the poorly preserved cemetery south of Troy, which is
considered contemporary with the final phase of Trojan Sixth Settlement, Level VIh.... Only nineteen graves identified by urns were excavated, all more or less
disturbed.”
34 On this epithet see Bowra 1960, p. 18.
35 See Beckman, Bryce and Cline 2011, p. 81 for the translation of §12 (obv. 60–65)
in the Inictment of Madduwatta:
But [later] Attarissiya, the ruler of Ahhiya, came and was plotting to kill you,
Madduwatta. But when the father of My Majesty heard, he dispatched Kisnapili,
infantry, and chariotry in battle against Attarissiya. And you, Madduwatta,
again did not resist Attarissiya, but yielded before him. Then Kisnapili proceeded
to rush [.. .] to you from Hatti. Kisnapili went in battle against Attarissiya. 100
[chariots and... thousand infantry] of Attarissiya [drew up for battle]. And they
fought. One officer of Attarissiya was killed, and one officer of ours, Zidanza,
was killed. Then Attarissiya turned [away(?)] from Madduwatta, and he went
off to his own land. And they installed Madduwatta in his place once more.
The bracketed “chariots” is restored on the basis of the clear “100.”
36 Maran and Van de Moortel 2014, p. 535.
37 According to Hagel 1992, p. 47, the gate “has an opening of 2.20m.” The early
investigation of the site was announced by Catling 1988–1989, p. 20.
38 Dickinson 1994, p. 60, agrees with Pascal Darcque’s argument that Malthi belongs
in the LH III rather than toward the end of the MH period. The Malthi Mapping Project,
directed by Michael Lindblom, is currently (2016) reassessing the stratigraphic
evidence for the site and aims to clarify the dating of the town and the fortification
wall.
39 On the team in the Marathon tholos see Crouwel 1981, p. 34. See also Lohmann 2010,
p. 42:
Die Publikation der hoch bedeutenden Nekropole von Vranas bei Marathon, die
der von Thorikos kaum nachsteht, ist über Vorberichte nicht hinausgediehen.
Die Gräber wurden in mittelhelladischer Zeit angelegt und bis in Späthelladisch
II hinein belegt. Am Ende der Phase Späthelladisch II bzw. in den Übergang
nach Späthelladisch III datiert das berühmte Tholosgrab mit einer Pferdebestat -
tung im Dromos 400m südöstlich der Hügelgräbernekrople von Vranas.
40 Most recently Laffineur 2010, p. 713, refers to “the two earliest tumuli in Vrana-
Marathon, tumuli I and II, dated respectively to the Middle Helladic and (early) Late
Helladic I periods.”
41 For the problems with Themelis’ reconstruction see Drews 1988, pp. 188–190. See
also Hielte-Stravropoulou 2004, p. 19:
Marinatos mentioned that the roofing slabs had fallen down on the horse and
broken its spinal cord. That observation, but even more the fact that there does
not seem to have been any layer of accumulated earth upon the rock bottom
under the horse skeleton is for me an indication that the horse most probably is
roughly contemporary with the other burials in Tumulus I, i.e.of a clear Middle
Helladic date.
42 Protonotariou-Deilaki 1990.
43 See Protonotariou-Deilaki 1990, p. 95, on Tumulus C: “At those places where it had
not been disturbed, the tumulus contained MH and earlier sherds. At the point where
intrusion had occurred Mycenaean sherds were found.”
Militarism in Greece 209