314 JOhN K. DAVIES
56 Ath. 1.3e (trans. Olson, LCL): Moretti 1957 : 81, no. 170. The stuffing used for the ox at the
festival of Isis could have provided a suitable recipe (Hdt. 2.40.3).
57 4.75.3. I am unable to verify or expand on the undocumented report of Rossignani 1997 : 148
that ‘burials containing frankincense are found in different chronological and geographical
contexts such as Egypt and the area of Golasecca culture’ [sc. in pre-Roman NW Italy].
58 Pind. fr. 122, with Moretti 1957 : 249–50 for further references.
59 PMG 757 apud Ath. 14.651f (tr. Olson).
60 Hermippus fr. 63 K-A apud Ath. 1. 27e-28a; Eur. Bacch. 144; Anaxandridas Protesilaos fr. 42
apud Ath. 4.131d; Archestratus fr. 60 Olson-Sens; Mnesimachus, Hippotrophos fr. 4 K-A apud
Ath. 9.402e-403d.
61 Eup. fr. 327 K-A apud Poll. 9.47; Critias fr. 88 B 70 D-K; Ar. fr. 845 K-A: Cratinus the youn-
ger fr. 1 K-A apud Ath. 14.661e. Lallemand 2008 briefly reviews market processes. The 330s
and 320s record dedications of phialai by three frankincense-sellers (Meyer 2010 : 2–9, A.369
and 563; 26.17), two myrrh-sellers (ib. 30.31 & 34), and three sesame-sellers (ib. 2–9 A.221;
11.23 and 27).
62 A r. Ve s p. 860–2; Ran. 871–3; perhaps also Thesm. 36–8 (although incense is not explicitly
mentioned).
63 A r. Ve s p. 94–6; Theopomp. FGrH 115 F 344; Ar. Plut. 1112–15; Paus. 5.15.10.
64 Anaxandridas, Protesilaos fr. 42 apud Ath. 4.131a-f; Antiphanes, Timon fr. 204 apud Ath. 7.309d;
Men. Sam. 158; general survey in Bodiou and Mehl 2008. I cannot identify the occasion
for the one fifth-century Athenian epigraphic citation of frankincense (IG I^3 387 line 150,
expenditure by the epistatai of Eleusis in 408/07).
65 Nicostratus Pseudostigmatias fr. 27 K-A apud Ath. 15.685c: Mnesimachus Hippotrophos f r.
4 K-A apud Ath. 402e-403d; Archestratus fr. 60 Olson-Sens apud Ath. 3.101c-e: Alexis
Philiskos, fr. 252 K-A apud Ath. 14.642f, with Arnott ad loc. For ‘second table’, see also Arnott
1996 : 493–4.
66 Antiphanes Timon fr. 204 apud Ath. 7.309d.
67 Antiphanes Mystis fr. 162 K-A apud Porph. Abst. II 17; Theopomp. FGrH 115 F 344;
Men. Dys. 449–50; Frag. Com. Adesp. 372; possibly also Men. Karchedonios fr. 1 Sandbach
OCT = 226 Koerte-Thierfelder = fr. 4 K-A apud Ath. 9.385e.
68 Respectively references in Müller 1978 : 764–5 and Reger 2005 ; Müller 1978 : 768–72; Aen.
Tact. 35.1.
69 I.Didyma 424 = OGIS 214 = RC 5 = Bringmann and von Steuben 1995 : no. 480, lines
49–51: it comprised 10 talents of frankincense, 1 talents of myrrh, 2 mnai of kassia, 2 mnai of
cinnamon, and 2 mnai of kostos, besides various items of silverware.
70 Ath. Pol. 51.1. Müller 1978 : 736–7 assembles evidence for adulteration.
71 Reger 1997 : 56–7 (citation from p. 57): the contrast with the wide fluctuations which
are recorded at Hellenistic Delos for certain other commodities (Chankowski-Sablé 1997 )
is stark.
72 Hoyland 2002 : 69–70; but Edens and Bawden 1989 envisage conflicts between polities over
control of the aromatics trade.
73 Thus, honours for Straton King of Sidon, presumably as facilitator, are carefully distin-
guished from privileges for Sidonian merchants (IG II^2 141); the ‘Kitieis’ who are allowed
in 333/2 to found a sanctuary for Aphrodite turn out a month later to be ‘Kitian merchants’
(RO 91 = IG II^3 337) and the same will have been true for the ‘Egyptians’ and their sanctu-
ary of Isis (ib. lines 42–5).
74 IGCH 1755 (Medain Salih, before 1856), given a fourth century BCE date by Jenkins, is
the only pre-Alexander hoard attested in IGCH from the Incense Road route, with 25
AR coins described as ‘Egypto-Arabian’. But their appearance will merely have contin-
ued the long-established use of weighed Hacksilber, the numerous hoards of which in
Cisjordan (Thompson 2003 : 70, figure 1) interestingly stem from much the same region
(and mostly from the same period) as the bronze incense-burners listed by Mederos and
Harrison 1996 : 246, table 7 and figure 4.