ch’ing-hai 289of silver, and silk (Sung shih 15:22b; 492:16a).
In 1081, Shen-tsung entitled Tung-chan king of Wu-wei command-
ery (Sung shih 492:16b).
In the 3rd (Apr./May) and 9th month (Oct./Nov.) of 1081, envoys
from Tung-chan offered gifts (Sung shih 16:3b, 4b).
After Che-tsung had ascended the Sung throne on Apr.1, 1085,
he promoted Tung-chan to Acting Grand Commandant (Sung shih
492:17a).
In 1086, it became known at the Sung court that Tung-chan had
died and had been succeeded by his fosterson A-li-ku. The latter sent
envoys with gifts. Che-tsung appointed him General-in-chief Who Sur-
passes the Army, Acting Minister of Works, and Military Commissioner
of the non-existant Army West the [Yellow] River, and entitled him
duke of Ning-sai (Sung shih 492:17a; Wen-hsien t’ung-k’ao 335:33b).
After a brief period of tension, A-li-ku presented a letter on Feb.19,
1088 and offered gifts. Che-tsung agreed to continued trade. He made
A-li-ku an Imperial Household Grandee of the Golden Seal and Purple
Ribbon and Acting Grand Guardian, entitled his wife as Lady of
An-hua commandery, appointed A-li-ku’s son Pang-ch’u-ch’ien as
Defense Commissioner of Shan subcommandery, and the latter’s
younger brother as Inspector of Hsi subcommandery (Sung shih 17:
10a; 492:17b; Wen-hsien t’ung-k’ao 335:33b).
On May 14 and Aug.23, 1088, A-li-ku offered gifts (Sung shih 17:
10b).
On Apr.18, 1094,^15 A-li-ku presented a lion for which he received
rich gifts (Sung shih 18:1b; 492:17b; Wen-hsien t’ung-k’ao 335:33b).
In 1095, A-li-ku offered gifts (Sung shih 18:5b).
In 1096, it became known at the Sung court that A-li-ku had died
and had been succeeded by his son Hsia-cheng (alias Pang-ch’u-ch’ien)
(Sung shih 492:18a; Wen-hsien t’ung-k’ao 335:33b).
Hsia-cheng had a rival in Lung-tsa, son of Mu-cheng and great-
grandson of Chüeh-ssu-lo by his legitimte wife (Sung shih 492:19a). His
brief reign was filled with dissention, and the Sung government knew
how to take advantage of it. Mu-cheng had surrendered to the Chinese
and had been granted the imperial surname and given name of Chao
Ssu-chung. Seven of his relatives were also granted names beginning
(^15) Sung shih 18:1b says 1st day of the 4th month = Apr.18. However, the cyclical
characters of that day were not yi-chi as claimed by the text but jen-yin.