Historical Dictionary of Israeli Intelligence

Italy. He returned to the United States after several years and studied at

Yale University. During his student years, he founded a literary maga-

zine. In 1943 he was recruited by the counterespionage department of

the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) and very soon showed his tal-

ents and ability as an intelligence officer. He served with the OSS in

Britain and Italy, where he recruited informers and uncovered Nazi and

Fascist spy networks. While stationed in Europe he developed exten-

sive contacts with future Israeli intelligence officials. Among his best

sources were the Mossad Le’Aliyah Bethagents in Italy.

In 1957 Angleton set up a liaison unit to deal with the Mossad.

This unit was responsible for producing the Middle Eastern intelli-

gence for the American and Israeli intelligence communities. Angle-

ton was aware of the Israeli assets in the Soviet Union and Eastern

Europe and that the Israelis had vast potential as a source of infor-

mation on the Eastern Bloc during the crucial years of the Cold War.

Angleton arranged for Israel’s prime minister David Ben-Gurion to

meet Walter Bedell Smith, director of the Central Intelligence

Agency, in May 1951. Shortly afterward, Reuven Shiloahwent to

Washington to conclude a formal U.S.-Israeli agreement on intelli-

gence cooperation. After Angleton’s dismissal in 1975, the liaison

unit was dismantled.

ANYA NYA.In the 1960s the Mossadgave limited support to the Anya

Nya rebels in southern Sudan. The black non-Arab southerners had first

risen against the central government in Khartoum in 1955, and then

again in later years. The Anya Nya received weapons, communication

equipment, and training from the Mossad. See also PERIPHERY DOC-

TRINE.

ARAB PLATOON.A unit of the underground Palmah militia in the pe-

riod preceding the establishment of the State of Israel. The Arab Pla-

toon, also known as Shahar, consisted of Arabic-speaking and Arab-

looking Jews. Its members conducted similar missions to those of the

Arab Department of the Information Service. See also MISTA’AR-

AVIM.

ARAD, UZI (1947– ).In 1966 the Israeli-born Arad was drafted into

the Israel Defense Forces and served in the Israel Air Force. From

ARAD, UZI•13

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