1975 to 1997 he served in senior positions with the Mossadin Israel
and abroad. He rose through the organization’s ranks and became di-
rector of its Research Division. In 1997 Arad was appointed foreign
policy adviser to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, holding this
post until 1999. In the course of his career, he also gained a Ph.D.
from Princeton University. After leaving his adviser’s post, he be-
came director of the Institute of Policy and Strategy and professor of
government at the Lauder School of Government, Policy, and Diplo-
macy at the Interdisciplinary Center in Herzliya.ARAZI-COHEN, SHULA.An Israeli spy who operated in Lebanon
from 1948 to the mid-1960s.ARBEL, YEHUDA.A Hungarian-born Jew, nicknamed “the Gypsy,”
Arbel was an operative of the Israeli Security Agency(ISA). From
1959 to 1962, the years when the Mossadwas hunting Nazi war
criminals, he was seconded to the latter organization, which stationed
him in West Germany. After the 1967 Six-Day Warhe was made di-
rector of the ISA regional office in Jerusalem with responsibility for
the West Bank and East Jerusalem. In the first year of the Israeli oc-
cupation, beginning in June 1967, the West Bank was relatively quiet.
Still, Arbel estimated that 100–200 Palestinian activists were holed
up in the old Casbah of Nablus and he pressed for action. He suc-
ceeded in recruiting good Arab informers. Arbel frequently managed
ISA affairs in the region from the popular Café Peter in Jerusalem’s
German Colony neighborhood.ASHRAF, MARWAN (1944– ).Son of a respected Egyptian family,
Dr. Ashraf Marwan studied in England and is now a wealthy British
businessman, residing in London’s costly St. John’s Wood neighbor-
hood. He married the third daughter of Egypt’s president Gamal Ab-
del Nasser, Muna, in the 1960s. Ashraf’s marriage to Muna brought
him close to Nasser’s innermost circle. He was given the status and
title of roving ambassador and was sent on delicate diplomatic mis-
sions around the world. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, media re-
ports mentioned his position as bureau chief for the president and co-
ordinator on behalf of the president with the Egyptian intelligence
services.14 • ARAZI-COHEN, SHULA06-102 (02) A-G.qxd 3/24/06 7:23 AM Page 14