NOTES TO CHAPTER IO 109 Iments. Hamaguchi also cited the view of the famous late Ming anti-Manchu scholar,
Wang Fu-chih, in his Essays on Reading the Comprehen.lil'e Mirror, that the creation
of an independent network of Che-ch 'ungIu military outposts was not as good as the
previous system of having a couple of military officials attached to the district magis-
trate's yamen assume responsibility for the training, recruitment, and mobilization of
soldiers. Ibid. pp. 1 K-2 J, 30-32.
- The troop complement of a wei was 5,600 men, subdivided at two levels into five
"thousand household units [so]," and "hundred household units," of 1,120 and 112 men,
respectively. PGSR 23:15b, 16a. - James B. Palais, "Land Tenure in Korea: Tenth to Twelfth Centuries," Journal (it'
Korean Studies 4 (1982-83):73-206. - Ibid.
- PGSR 23:16a-b.
- Ibid. 23: 17a.
- Palais, "Land Tenure in Korea," pp. 89-114, esp. p. lOS.
- PGSR 23:16b. Sec the glossary in Palais, "Land Tenure in Korea," for yiin'ip.
- PGSR 23: 17 a-b.
- See 11.49 supra for this and following quotations.
6r. PGSR 2l:29b-30a. - Ibid. 2I:37a-b.
- Ibid. 2I:37b-38a.
- Ibid. 21 :30a. While the sog'o units consisted of slaves and commoners together
when they were first created in the Imjin War, Yu specified that in his system they would
be reserved for slaves alone to accommodate the aversion of commoners to mingling
with their inferiors. - The provisions for slaves or slave soldiers, grain transport workers, sailors, bea-
con station soldiers, able-oarsmen, reconnaissance soldiers, and other lypes of troops to
be discussed later, were different. - PGSR 2 J: J la-b.
- See the Kw)ngguk taejiin [Great code for managing the state 1. preface dated 1469,
subsequently reviscd four times by 1485 (Keij6: Ch()sen sotokufu chusuin, ed.,
J934)=406ff. for regulations pertaining to rotating shifts for regular soldiers and others,
and pp. 453-54 for provision of support taxpayers to various types of soldiers. For the
date of publication, see KSDSJ J :64. - Ch'a Munsop, "Hyojong Oi kunbi kwangeh'ung," pt. 1, p. 38; Yi T'aejin, C/1Osiin
hugi, pp. 163-67. - The reform of the Royal Division is discussed in detail by Ch'a Munsop in "Hyo-
jongjo Ui kunhi kwangch'ung [The military defense build-up of King Hyojong's reign J,
in idem, Chosi5n .I ida I' klll/ie \'()ngu (Seoul: Tan'guk taehakkyo ch'ulp'anbu, 1(73), pp.
254-55. See also Ch'a, "Inman ihu Oi yangyok kwa kyuny(\kp(lp Oi s6ngnip" IThe com-
moner service system after the Imjin Wars and the establishment of the equal service
systeml Sa/wk WIII'gU II (luly 1961): 117. The primary source for the reform is Hyo-
jong sillok K:K4a-b, Hyojong 3.6.kisa. Ch'a estimated the interval between tours of duty
at 21 months, but if one thousand men served a 2-monlh shift and there were 21,000