28 Ibid.
29 J. L. Vitek, et al., “Randomized trial of pallidotomy versus medical therapy for Parkinson’s
disease,” Annals of Neurology, vol. 53, 2003, pp. 558–569.
30 R. Williams, “Alim-Louis Benabid: Stimulation and Serendipity,” The Lancet Neurology,
vol. 9, Issue 12, Dec. 2010, p. 1152.
31 Ibid.
32 A. L. Benabid, P. Pollak, A. Louveau, S. Henry, and J. de Rougemont, “Combined
(thalamotomy and stimulation) stereotactic surgery of the VIM thalamic nucleus for bilateral
Parkinson disease,” Applied Neurophysiology, vol. 50, 344–46, 1987.
33 G. E. Alexander, M. R. DeLong, P. L. Strick, “Parallel organization of functionally
segregated circuits linking basal ganglia and cortex,” Annual Review of Neuroscience, vol.
9, pp. 357–81, 1986.
34 https://www.epo.org/learning-events/european-inventor/finalists/2016/benabid.html.
Accessed August 4, 2018.
35 Michael S. Okun, “Deep-Brain Stimulation—Entering the Era of Human Neural-Network
Modulation.” New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 371, Oct. 9, pp. 1369–73, 2014.
TWENTY-ONE: CYBORG FUTURE AND HOMO ELECTRUS
1 https://wondery.com/shows/dr-death/. Accessed October 9, 2019.
2 Yuval Noah Harari, Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow (New York: Harper Perennial,
2018), p. 21.
3 https://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/facts.html. Accessed Aug. 15, 2018.
4 T. James, et al., “BioMEMs—Advancing the Frontiers of Medicine,” Sensors, 8(9): pp.
6077–107, 2008.
5 Ex Machina 2015—Behind the Scenes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nZcHPhGsNi0
6 Joe Rogan Experience #1169- Elon Musk https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/the-joe-rogan-
experience/e/56151455. Accessed October 9, 2019.
7 M. Rozenfeld, “The future of medicine might be bioelectronic implants,”
http://theinstitute.ieee.org/technology-topics/life-sciences/the-future-of-medicine-might-be-
bioelectronic-implants. Accessed October 9, 2019.
8 Ibid.
9 https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2017/03/elon-musk-has-gone-public-with-his.html. Accessed
October 9, 2019.
10 Max Tegmark, Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of Artificial Intelligence (New York:
Vintage Books, 2017).
11 Ibid., p. 28.
12 Ibid., p. 29.
13 Ray Kurzweil, The Singularity is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology (New York:
Penguin Books, 2005) p. 9.
14 Ibid., p. 311.
15 Ibid., p. 310.
16 Ibid., p. 298.
17 Charles Darwin, On the Origin of Species, (London: John Murray, 1885), p. 429.