Elusive Victories_ The American Presidency at War-Oxford University Press (2012)

388 notes to pages 122‒127

148. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 471–72.


149. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 192–93.


150. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 461ff.


151. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 181, 466.


152. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 479–81.


153. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 160–61.


154. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 10ff.


155. See especially MacMillan, Paris 1919 , Part Th ree.


156. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , xxx, 54–55, 58–59.


157. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , chap. 17.


158. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 22–24, 26–28, 31–32.


159. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 180–81.


160. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 160–61.


161. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 14–15, 287.


162. Clements, Woodrow Wilson , 172–73. Th is view was fi rst expressed at
     the time by the press, but the warning was also self-serving—reporters
     wanted access to the meetings. See MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 57.


163. For a discussion of how Wilson misread public opinion in Italy, see
     MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 298–300.


164. Th e claim was fi rst circulated widely by John Maynard Keynes, who had
     an axe to grind because his recommendation to eschew reparations had
     not been accepted. See MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 478–79.


165. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 12–13.


166. See MacMillan’s discussions of the Middle East, the Balkans, and Eastern
     Europe. MacMillan, Paris 1919.


167. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 9–10.


168. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 200–1.


169. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 187–89, 470–71.


170. Japan secured former German possessions in the Pacifi c as mandates and
     economic concessions in Shantung, China, over the strenuous objections
     of the Chinese delegation. On the other hand, the Japanese did not get
     everything they wanted: their proposed language on racial equality was
     not included in the League of Nations provisions.


171. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 96–97.


172. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 475.


173. Macmillan is more generous to Clemenceau, but concedes that his
     failure to build an alliance undermined all he gained at the conference.
     MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 202–3.


174. MacMillan, Paris 1919 , 151–52.


175. MacMillan reports that one journal poll found two-thirds of its readers
     supportive of the League. But such polls could yield misleading results.
     To cite the most notorious later example, the 1936 Literary Digest presi-
     dential poll predicted that Franklin Roosevelt would lose the presidential
     election, which he won by a landslide.