Elusive Victories_ The American Presidency at War-Oxford University Press (2012)

notes to pages 243‒253 409

120. Robbins, Th is Time We Win , 76–77.


121. Robbins, Th is Time We Win , 86–88.


122. Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War , 141–42.


123. Robbins, Th is Time We Win , 115–16.


124. Robbins, Th is Time We Win , 121.


125. Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War , 145–46.


126. Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War , 146.


127. Johnson himself realized he had erred by conveying an unduly optimistic
     picture of the war back in November and by not calling attention to the
     expected major enemy attacks in his State of the Union address on
     January 17, 1968. Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War , 199. See also Robbins,
     Th is Time We Win , 122–23.


128. Langguth, Our Vietnam , 474–75.


129. Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War , 163–64; Langguth, Our Vietnam ,
     480, 490.


130. Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War , 166.


131. Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War , 175.


132. Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War , 186; Turner, Lyndon Johnson’s Dual War , 7.


133. Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War , 160–62, 165, 171.


134. Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War , chap. 10.


135. Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War , 189–99.


136. Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War , 199–201.


137. Langguth, Our Vietnam , 354–55.


138. Langguth, Our Vietnam , 355.


139. Langguth, Our Vietnam , 361.


140. Langguth, Our Vietnam , 386, 408–9.


141. Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War , 83–84; Langguth, Our Vietnam , 451–53.


142. Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War , 79.


143. Langguth, Our Vietnam , 455–58.


144. Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War , 123; Robbins, Th is Time We Win , chap. 6.


145. Langguth, Our Vietnam , 510–11, 519–20, 521–22.


146. Langguth, Our Vietnam , 513, 523–27, 529; Hess, Presidential Decisions for
     Wa r , 148.


147. Berman, Lyndon Johnson’s War , 106–7; Robbins, Th is Time We Win , 72.


148. Johnson did no better when he sent a personal appeal to Ho because
     American terms remained unchanged. Hess, Presidential Decisions for
     Wa r , 127–28. Many observers, then and later, have noted how Johnson
     underestimated Ho’s commitment. See, for example, Robbins, Th is Time
     We W i n , 29.


149. Larry Berman, No Peace, No Honor: Nixon, Kissinger, and Betrayal in
     Vietnam (New York: Free Press, 2001), 47.


150. Joan Hoff , Nixon Reconsidered (New York: Basic, 1994), 152.


151. Berman, No Peace, No Honor , 40.


152. Hoff , Nixon Reconsidered , 208–9; Berman, No Peace, No Honor , 44, 49.