Article
produced antibodies. C.O.B., J.E.P. and E.W. produced SARS-CoV-2 proteins. A.H., R.G.K., J.H.,
K.G.M., C.G. and M. Caskey recruited participants and executed clinical protocols. R.P., J.D., M.P.
and I.S. processed clinical samples. C.O.B. performed negative-stain electron-microscopy
analysis. T.Y.O., A.P.W. and V.R. performed bioinformatics analysis. D.F.R., P.D.B., P.J.B., T.
Hatziioannou, C.M.R. and M.C.N. wrote the manuscript with input from all co-authors.
Competing interests The Rockefeller University has filed a provisional patent application in
connection with this work on which D.F.R. and M.C.N. are inventors (US patent 63/021,387).
Additional information
Supplementary information is available for this paper at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-
2456-9.
Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to D.F.R., P.J.B., P.D.B., M.C.
or M.C.N.
Peer review information Nature thanks Alice McHardy and the other, anonymous, reviewer(s)
for their contribution to the peer review of this work.
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