678 McGRAW-HILL’S SAT
8 8 888 8
- In saying that “the introduction of a reward
system... changes the nature of the desired
behavior” (lines 92–95), the author of Passage
2 indicates that
(A) many people object to the use of punish-
ments in school
(B) teachers find it difficult to find the right
kinds of rewards for student
performance
(C) experts disagree about the effects of
rewards on human behavior
(D) such systems tend to decrease student in-
terest in the activity for its own sake
(E) not enough study has been done on the
effectiveness of rewards in education - Deci’s conclusion about the experiment de-
scribed in Passage 2 (lines 96–110) assumes
that the subjects in the study
(A) are well educated
(B) are highly proficient at solving puzzles
(C) have not participated in reward systems
before
(D) can make inferences about the motives
of the experimenter
(E) have some teaching experience - The author of Passage 2 mentions that “the
human mind is an enormously complex ma-
chine” (lines 129–130) in order to suggest that
(A) a simplistic theory about the effective-
ness of rewards is unwise
(B) people cannot be easily fooled
(C) many learning disabilities require special
attention
(D) teachers often find it hard to teach
certain subjects
(E) Deci’s experiment was poorly
constructed
18. The description of the “problems” (line 37)
with positive reinforcers in Passage 1 would
most likely be regarded by Edward Deci as
(A) thorough and fair
(B) presumptuous and incomplete
(C) unfair to educators
(D) erroneous in concluding that the methods
of the “gentleman” were ineffective
(E) likely correct, but worthy of further
study
19. Which of the following assumptions is shared by
the authors of both passages?
(A) Rewards are ineffective as reinforcers of
behavior.
(B) Honors and grades are necessary ele-
ments of institutional education.
(C) Good teaching is always focused on play.
(D) Negative feedback is not an effective
teaching tool.
(E) If prizes are to be used in a classroom,
there must be enough for all students.
STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may
check your work on this section only. Do not
turn to any other section of the test.