Index I31Pawnee Indians, 55
Pawtucket, Rhode Island, 222–223f,
224, 228f
Paxton, William McGregor, 486f
Paxton Boys, 75, 150
Peabody Fund, 538
Peace Corps, 766
Peace Democrats, 378
Peace movement, in 1920s,
672–673
Peace of Paris, 94–95
Peace of Ryswick, 90
Peale, Charles Wilson, 122f, 175f
Peale, Rembrandt, 175f
Pearl Harbor, 586f
attack on, 714–715, 714f, 728f
naval base at, 588
Peffer, William A., 543
Peiss, Kathy, 648
“Pell-mell” policy, 175, 191, 248
Pelosi, Nancy, 868
Pendleton Act, 535, 548
Penn, William, 42–43, 73
Pennington, James W.C., 351
Pennsylvania
colony of, 42–43, 73–75
ratification of Constitution by, 152
Pennsylvania Dutch, 75
Pennsylvania Railroad, 337, 459–460
Penny newspapers, 290
Pensions, old-age, 693, 694
Pentagon Papers, 789, 790
The People(newspaper), 475
People’s (Populist) party, 542–543
Pequot Indians, 39–40
Pequot War, 39–40
Percy, George, 33
Perelman, Ronald, 808
Perestroika, 807
Perkins, Frances, 699
Perkins, George W., 575
Perkins Institution, 278
Perot, Ross, 851
Perry, Matthew C., 348–349, 349f
Perry, Oliver Hazard, 200, 200f
Pershing, John J., 613, 627
Persian Gulf War, 815–817
Personal computers (PCs), 810–811
Peru, Incas in, 22
Pessen, Edward, 261
Petersburg, siege of, 393f
Peterson, Merrill, 174
Petraeus, David, 879
Petroleum industry. SeeOil industry
Philadelphia(ship), 177
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 74
Constitutional Convention in,
145–149
foreign-born population in, 496
prison system, 279
workers in, 227
yellow fever epidemic in, 159
Philanthropy, 512
Philip II (king), 27, 31
Philippines, 585, 603, 672
annexation of, 606f
debate over, 594–595
insurrection in, 596–597, 597f,
600–601, 601m
Spanish-American War and,
592–593, 594–595
Spanish control of, 94
during World War II, 728f, 729
Phillips, Kevin M., 806
Phillips, Ulrich Bonnell, 330
Philosophy
evolution and, 524
pragmatism, 524–525
Phips, Mary, 69
Phips, William, 69
Photography, 458
Physicians, 88
Pickering, John, 177
Pickering, Timothy, 181
Pickett, George E., 388
Pierce, Franklin, 348, 352,
352 f, 356
Pierrepont, Edwards, 424
Pigs, 12, 25, 45
Pike, James S., 415
Pike, Zebulon, 183
Pikes Peak, 443
Pilgrims, 35–39
Pinchot, Gifford, 574
Pinckney, Charles, 64, 165, 176
Pinckney, Henry L., 258
Pinckney, Thomas, 162, 164
Pinckney’s Treaty, 162
Pingree, Hazen S., 561
Pinta(ship), 21
Pioneers, 235, 236, 300–301
Pitt, William, 93, 95
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
industry in, 464
oil refining in, 468
steel mills in, 466f
Pizarro, Francisco, 22
Plagues, 12
Plains Indians, 54–55
during Civil War, 379
disappearance of buffalo and,
440–441
horses and, 27, 436–437
post–Civil War, 436–437
weapons of, 437
Plainview, Daniel, 668–669, 668fPlanned Parenthood of Southeastern
Pennsylvania v. Casey, 829, 831
Plantations
conditions on, 64
life on, 324–325
profits from, 324
rice, 63
sugar, 41, 43
Platt Amendment, 598
Plattsburgh, Battle of, 202–203
Plessy v. Ferguson, 537–538, 545f,
756, 757
PLO.SeePalestine Liberation
Organization (PLO)
Plymouth colony, 35–36, 36f
Plymouth Company, 32n, 36
Of Plymouth Plantation(Bradford),
35, 36f
Pocahontas, 32–33, 33f
Poe, Edgar Allan, 287, 287f
Poetics(Aristotle), 98
Poker Alice, 444
Poland
collapse of communism in, 814
Hitler and, 705
World War II and, 733
Political campaigns, rise of, 249
Political parties, 148. See also specific
parties
in early 19th century, 246–247,
260, 262
in late nineteenth century, 531
national conventions of, 248
power of, 249
rise of, 159–161
Second American Party System,
247, 250m, 260, 262f
Political power, 147
Political reform
in cities, 561
progressivism and, 561–567
in states, 561, 563
woman suffrage movement and,
565–567
Politics
democratization of, 248–249
post–Civil War, 531–533
Polk, James K.
election of 1844 and, 304
Mexican War and, 305–309
as president, 304–305
Poll taxes, 537
Polo, Marco, 15, 20
Polygamy, 277, 278
Ponce de Léon, Juan, 23
Pond, Peter, 184, 185
Pontiac, 97
Pontiac Indians, 96f