I30 Index
Obama, Barack (continued)
election of 2008 and, 796,
868–869, 871
environmental issues and,
874–876
foreign policy of, 871
health care reform and, 684–685,
873–874
immigration reform and, 874
Iraq war and, 764
life of, 824–825
Nobel Price for, 871
offshore drilling and, 796–797
as president, 871–879, 872f
Obama, Michelle, 842, 872f
Oberlin College, 293
Obesity, 842
O’Connor, Sandra Day, 807
O’Donovan, Susan Eva, 413
Off-shore drilling, 796–797
Ogden, Aaron, 242
Oglala Sioux, 437–438
Oglethorpe, James, 65
O’Gorman, Juan, 612f
Ohio
Battle of Fallen Timbers, 161, 162
canals in, 241
settlement of, 157–158
Ohio and Erie Canal, 241
Ohio Company, 90
Ohio Gang, 666
Oil crisis, in 1970s, 798
Oil drilling, 796–797
Oil industry, 464
competition and monopoly in,
468–470, 473
in nineteenth century, 464
refineries, 464, 468–469
Teapot Dome scandal, 667
Oil prices, in 1970s, 802, 802f
Okinawa, 728f, 729
Oklahoma, 689
Old-age pensions, 693, 694
Old Lights, 86
Old National Road, 236
Olds, Ransom E., 661
Old Side Presbyterians, 86
Old Spanish Trail, 302m
Oligopoly, 675
Olive Branch Petition, 116
Olmsted, Frederick Law, 290
Olney, Richard, 590
Olympic Games, of 1912, 650
Omaha, Nebraska, 823
Omaha Beach, 726–727
Oñate, Don Juan de, 24
Onderdonk, Robert, 317f
Oneida Community, 277, 278
Oneida County Female Missionary
Society, 275–276
O’Neill, Eugene, 560
Oneota Indians, 11
One War Manpower
Commission, 721
One World (Willkie), 730
Onís, Luis de, 206
Online learning, 842
Only Yesterday (Allen), 648
OPEC.SeeOrganization of Petroleum
Exporting Countries (OPEV)
Openchancanough, 33–34
Open Door policy, 602–603,
606 f, 671
Open-range ranching, 451, 453–454
Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 730, 740
Oral Robert University, 842
Orchard Street, 556f
Orders in Council, 186, 196, 198
Oregon, settlement of, 55,
301–302, 304
Oregon Territory
British in, 304–305
family size in, 272
Oregon Trail, 301–302, 302m
Organization of Afro-American
Unity, 777
Organization of American States
(OAS), 754
Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries (OPEV), 798
Organized crime, Prohibition
and, 653
Original sin, 88
The Origin of Species(Darwin), 471
Orlando, Vittorio Emanuele,
629 f, 630
Orphanages, 279
Orphans, 278, 489f
Osborne, Sarah, 69
Osceola, 256, 257f, 257m
Ostend Manifesto, 348
O’Sullivan, John L., 300
Oswald, Lee Harvey, 771–772
Oswald, Richard, 128
Otis, James, 100
Ottoman Empire, 631
in 1914, 631m
dismantling of, 632m
Our Country (Strong), 587, 606f
“Out of the Game” (Rogers), 512f
Outsourcing, 809
Overpopulation, in Europe, 14
Owen, Robert, 278
Owsley, Frank L., 394
Oxbow Route, 302m
Oxen, 12Pacific Fur Company, 301
Pacific Ocean, 22
Pacific Railway Act, 389, 448
Pacific region
Empire in, 588–589
World War II in, 725, 728–730
Packaged cereals, 458
Padronesystem, 493
Pahlavi, Muhammad Reza, 803
Paine, Thomas, 117
Pakenam, Richard, 304
Pakenham, Edward, 204–205
Paleo-Indians, 4, 6–7
Paleolithic hunters, 4
Paleolithic revolution, 4
Palestine
Balfour Declaration and, 631
Israel and, 752
Palestine Liberation Organization
(PLO), 806, 854–855
Palin, Sarah, 547, 547f, 796, 868, 869f
Palmer, A. Mitchell, 635
Palmer, John M., 546
Panama, 605, 606f, 814
Panama Canal, 590, 603–606, 604f,
605 m, 802
Pan-American Petroleum
Company, 667
Panic of 1857, 334, 342, 359–360
Panic of 1907, 677
Pantry Pride, 808
Paper money, 377, 379, 532,
544–545
Paredes, Marioano, 306
Parents, in mid-nineteenth
century, 274
Paris, in 1920s, 655
Paris, Treaty of, 94–95, 162
Paris Peace Conference, 629–631
Park, Robert, 645
Parkman, Francis, 94
Parks, Rosa, 758, 759
Parliament, 100, 103
Parris, Samuel, 68
Parsons, Elsie Clews, 615
Partinsanship, in post–Civil War
period, 533
Party politics, in post–Civil War
period, 533
Pasture lands, 453
Paterson, William, 147
The Patriot (film), 138–139
Patriotism, 219–220, 623, 624
Patriots, 128
Patronage, 533, 535
Patton, George S., 724
Paul, Alice, 567, 647
Pauncefote, Lord, 604