__willsoonbeavailable.
Sentencewith
ParticipialPhrase
Havingheardthatmostpeople
opposedthenewlaw,thesenator
votedagainstit.
Thesecretsoftheuniverse,having
fascinatedpeopleforcenturies,
areslowlybeingrevealed.
Thesenator,whohadheardthat
mostpeopleopposedthenew
law,votedagainstit.
Sentencewith
AdjectiveClause
Thesecretsoftheuniverse,
whichhavefascinatedpeoplefor
centuries,areslowlybeingrevealed.
Present
perfect
Past
perfect
- Thecompanyhopesthattheimagethatis projectedbythenewmarketing
campaignwillsucceedhalfaswellastheMarlboroManimagesucceeded
inthe1950s.
(develop/ABCPharmaceuticalCompany)
- ..thepublicresponded
generously.(ask/ todonatefoodandclothingtothehurricanevictims)
2 Thereis alsoan-edperfectform(havingbeen+a pastparticiple).However,theperfect-edformisoften
shortenedtothegeneral-edformwithnodifferenceinmeaning.Inthe followingexample,havingbeen
electedbecomeselected:Thepresident,(havingbeen)electedbya largemajority,promisedtolowertaxes.
- Thenewapproachsuggeststhatsmokers,whoareoftenscornedfor
continuingtosmokedespitehealthrisks,aredaringrebels.
- TheMarlboroMan,whowaspicturedinhundredsofadsovertheyears,
wasa ruggedlyhandsomecowboysmokinga Marlborocigarette.
Chapter 15 IParticipialPhrases 255
Perfectformsemphasizethecompletionofanactionthattakesplacebeforethe
actionofthemainverb.^2 Youcanchangebothpresentperfectandpastperfectverbs
intoperfectparticiples.
B. Fillintheblankswitha participialphrasecontainingan-edparticiple.Usethe
wordsinparenthesestomakethephrase,andaddcommasifnecessary.
- Thelanguages spoKenmostwidelyinSwitzer/Clnd areGerman,
French,andItalian.(speak/mostwidelyinSwitzerland)
- Switzerland hastriedto
remainneutralthroughoutitshistory.(situate/betweenfoursometimes
warringcountries)
3.Children haveanadvantage
overmonolingualchildren.(raise/inbilingualfamilies)
4.Anewtreatmentformalaria
PerfectFormParticipialPhrases.
