Index
Opinionsversusfacts,39-40
Outlining
essay,75-76, 115
formal,115, 272
rough, 271
inwritingprocess,271, 272
Outsidesources.SeeReferences,using
outsidePairedconjunctions.SeeCorrelative
conjunctions
Paragraph,2-17
concluding,56-57, 72
concludingsentence,3-5,13-15, 16
defined, 2
introductory,foressay.SeeIntroductory
paragraphs
linkingsignals, 69
logicalorderand,34, 36
partsof,3-4
reviewof, 16
supportingsentences,3,11-13, 16
topicsentence,4-10,16,271
transitionsignals,25-32
unity,18-19,36, 57
Parallelism,179-181
withcoordinators, 180
withcorrelativeconjunctions, 181
defined, 179
reviewof,191-192
Paraphrasing,127-135
plagiarism,avoiding,128-129
reviewof, 141
assupport, 135
writinggoodparaphrase,129-130
Participialphrases,250-264
fromadjectiveclauses,252, 262
fromadverbclauses,258-260,262-263
defined, 251
generalform-ed,250,251,254,262
generalform-ing,250,251,253,261
perfectform, 255
positionof,252, 258
punctuationof, 252
reviewof,261-263
writingstyleand, 257
Participles,250-251
defined,250
generalform
activevoice,250, 251, 253, 261
passivevoice,250,251,254, 262
past,250, 251, 254,258-260
pastperfect,251, 255
present,250,251,253,258-260, 261presentperfect,251, 255
reviewof,261-263
Passivevoice
innounclauses, 206
inpastparticiples,250, 251,254, 262
Pastparticiples,250,251,254,258-260
Pastperfectparticiples,251, 255
Patternsofessayorganization.SeeEssay,
patternsoforganization
Peerediting
defined, 313
scoringrubricsfor, 314
tipsfor,313-314
Period
indirectquotations, 45
withnounclauses, 195
Phrases
participial.SeeParticipialphrases
ofquantityandquality,relative
pronounsin, 243
reporting,43-44,47-48, 198
Placeclauses
adjective,244-245
adverb,21l,213,228, 292
Plagiarism
avoiding,41,128-129
defined, 128
Planningstageofwriting,271-272
Point-by-pointorganization,113-114,122,
143-145
Polishingstageofwriting,273-275
Possessiveadjectiveclauses,238-239
Prepositions,astransitionsignals, 29
Presentparticiples,250,251, 253,
258-260,261
Presentperfectparticiples,251, 255
Prewriting,265-270
Processessay,81-93
chronologicalorderin,81-93
reviewof, 88
thesisstatements, 84
transitionsignalsin,86-87
Processofwriting,265-279
audience,purpose,tone, 265
step1:prewIiting,265-270
step2:planning(outlining),271-272
step3:writing, 272
step4:polishing,273-275
Pronouns
consistent, 24
relativepronouns.SeeAdjectiveclauses;
Relativepronouns
sequenceoftensesand,48, 198
Proofreading,275-277,300-302