Index 941
beta-meteoroids, 632, 686
Beta Pictoris star, 31
Bethe, Hans, 65, 74
Biermann, Ludwig, 66, 100, 569
Bigg, E. K., 421
BIMA array.SeeBerkeley-Illinois-
Maryland Association
(BIMA) array
binary asteroids, 294
binary Kuiper Belt objects
mutual events, 617
origins, 617–619
system mass, 617
Binder, A. P., 421
blackbody radiation, 697
Bode, J. E., 5
Bode’s law values, 5–6
bolide, 287
Bond, G. P., 63
Bond albedo, 372
Bonneville crater, Mars, 338
Borealis basin, Mercury, 128, 129
Born, Ignaz Edler von, 252
Borodino stone meteorite, 255
Borrelly’s comet, 288, 525
Deep Space 1mission, 558, 884
nucleus image, 559
plasma tail, 569
Bottke, William, 288
Bouguer anomalies, Moon ray craters,
230–231
Bouvard, Alexis, 63–64
Boyer, Charles, 66
Brahe, Tyco, 55
branching valley networks, Mars, 324
breccias
chondrites, 266
H chondrite regolith breccias, 276
impact craters, 814
lunar highland crust, 245
brightness
Centaur objects, 608
Kuiper objects, 608
NEOs, 292
Brown, Michael, 605
Budd, M., 595
bulk composition
Earth, 32
giant planets, 384
Venus, 32
Burns Cliff, Mars, 329
C-class asteroids, 369
C gamma rays, 765
CAI refractory interstellar grains,
274–275
California Institute of Technology, 605
Callisto satellite, Jupiter, 365, 369,
449–466, 455–456
astronomical observations, 449–450
discovery, 449
echoes detected, 736
formation/evolution, 455–456
Galileomagnetometer experiment,
454
global views, 450
impact craters, 459–461
infrared reflection spectra,
high-resolution, 450
interior structures, 452
internal oceans, 452–454
intrinsic dipole field, lack of, 455
magnetic fields, 454–455, 455
masses/densities, 450–451
Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer,
450
rotation rate, 452
spacecraft exploration, 451–452
sulfur dioxide ices, 459
surface
and atmospheric interactions,
457–458
composition, 456–457
regolith, 458–459
tectonism/volcanism
bright terrain, 461–464
Callisto, 464
dark terrain, 464
telescopic spectra, 451
Valhalla multiring basin, 460, 817
water ice presence, 750–751
Caloris Basin, Mercury, 125, 126, 132
Cambridge Low-Frequency Synthesis
Telescope (CLEST), 696
cameras
Faint-Object Camera (FOC), 666
Halley Multicolor Camera (HMC),
557
Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2,
401
Cameron, A. G. W., 248
Campbell, W. W., 61
Candor Chasma, Mars, 323
Canyon Diablo iron meteorites, 255, 268
canyons
Grand Canyon, 323
Mars surface/interior, 323–324
Candor Chasma, 323
Herbes Chasma, 323
Valles Marineris, 200
carbon, solar system abundance, 864
carbon dioxide
Mars atmosphere, 302, 663, 769
Venus atmosphere, major gas, 141,
142, 662
carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) cycle,
Sun, 74
carbonaceous chondritescomposition, 266–267
organic constituents, 367
carbonate weathering, of dust, Mars,
302, 305
Carrington, Richard, 60, 99
Cassini, Christian, 365
Cassini, Giovanni Domenico, 621
Cassini-Huygensmission, 375, 536
dust detectors, 628, 629, 630–631
energetic particle detector, 536
Saturn’s rings, 761
Saturn’s satellites, 375, 762–763, 885
Castalia Macula, Europa dark spot, 443
Catalina Sky Survey, University of
Arizona, 290
CCDs.Seecharge-couple devices
Celestial Police astronomers, 60
Centaur objects
albedo, 606, 610
asteroids, 611–613
brightness variation
absolute magnitude, 608
amplitude, 611
density, 613
porosity, 613
rotation period, 610–611
composition
spectroscopy, 615–617
surface color, 613–615
diameters, 606, 608–610
discovery, 606
IAU Internet listing, 607
naming, 606–607
physical properties, 606
rotation, 606, 610
CGRO.See Compton Gamma-Ray
Observatory
Chandler, Seth, 62
ChandraX-ray observatory, 637, 638
ACIS-1 detector images
Mars, 645
Venus, 641, 644
chaos, Europa, 438, 441–442
chaotic motion
concept, 794–795
three-body problem as paradigm,
795–796
chaotic rotation
chaotic obliquity, 812
Hyperion, 810–811
other satellites, 811
spin-orbit resonance, 809–810
Chapman, S., 100
charge-couple devices (CCDs), search
program, 290
Charon satellite, Pluto
density, 545–546
diameter, 606
discovery, 542–543, 552–554, 605