World History, Grades 9-12

Extended Response

Extended-response questions,

like constructed-response

questions, usually focus on a

document of some kind.

However, they are more

complex and require more

time to complete than short-

answer constructed-response

questions. Some extended-

response questions ask you to

present the information in the

document in a different form.

Others require you to complete

a chart, graph, or diagram. Still

others ask you to write an

essay, a report, or some other

extended piece of writing. In

most standardized tests,

documents only have one

extended-response question.

Read the title of the

document to get an idea

of the subject.

Carefully read the

extended-response

questions. (Question 1 asks

you to complete a chart.

Question 2 assumes that

the chart is complete and

asks you to write an essay

based on information in

the chart.)

Study and analyze the

document.

Sometimes the question

gives you a partial answer.

Analyze that answer to

determine what kind of

information your answers

should contain.

If the question requires an

extended piece of writing,

jot down ideas in outline

form. Use this outline to

write your answer.

Inventions of the Industrial Revolution

1. In the right-hand column of the chart, briefly describe
   the impact of the inventions listed in the left-hand column.
   The first entry has been completed for you.


2. The chart shows how certain inventions contributed to the
   development of the Industrial Revolution. Write a short essay
   describing the impact of the Industrial Revolution on society.

Invention Impact

Flying shuttle,

spinning jenny,

water frame,

spinning mule,

power loom

Cotton gin

Macadam road,

steamboat,

locomotive

Mechanical reaper

Made it possible to quickly spin thread and

weave cloth; led to the spread of factories

Made it faster to clean seeds from cotton;

spurred increase in cotton production

Made transportation by land and water faster;

made transportation of larger loads possible;

railroads boosted demand for coal and iron,

spurring those industries

Made harvesting easier; increased wheat

production

Like constructed-response questions,

extended-response questions use

a wide range of documents. This

document is a chart of several

inventions developed during the

Industrial Revolution.

Sample ResponseThe best essays will point out that

developments in agriculture reduced the need for labor on

the land. Many farm workers left the country seeking work in

factories in the cities. As a result, cities grew much larger.

However, lack of sanitation and poor quality buildings made

cities unhealthy, and sometimes dangerous, places to live. Life

for factory workers was made worse because they worked

long hours under dreadful conditions. Society split into clear

social classes, with an upper class of landowners and

aristocrats, a growing middle class of merchants and factory

owners, and a large, generally poor lower class. Over the long

term, though, working and living conditions improved for the

working class, in part because factory-produced goods were

cheaper.

S28

STRATEGIES