Index 407
States
constitutions of, 21, 26, 28,
273
defined, 26, 28
red and blue states, 161
statutes, 273
Statutes, as source of American
law, 273
Statutory powers, 235
Stevens, John Paul, 285
Stewart, Jon, 132
Stewart, Potter, 76
Stimulus package, 60
big government and, 11
deficit spending and fiscal
policy, 310
unemployment rate and, 310
Stone, Lucy, 101
Stonewall Inn, 110
Straight-ticket voting, 166–167,
186
Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
(SALT I), 340
Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty
(START), 341
Strict construction, 287
Strict scrutiny, 108–109
Succession Act, 243
Suffrage
defined, 100
universal, 6
women’s, 10 0 –101
Sugar Act, 23
Suicide, physician-assisted,
83–84
Sunlight Foundation, 179
Sunnis in Iraq, 325
Sunset legislation, 261–262
Sunshine laws, 261
Superdelegates, 181
Super PACs, 178, 179
Super Tuesday, 183
Supplemental Nutrition
Assistance Program (SNAP),
as entitlement program, 12
Supremacy clause, 51–53
Supremacy doctrine, 32
Supreme Court justices
appointments, 33, 281–285
partisanship and, 284–285
Senate’s role in confirmation,
285
background of, 283, 284Standing to sue, 274
Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, 100
Stare decisis, 272, 292
State Bureau of Democracy, U.S.
Department of, 342
State central committee, 156
State courts
basic judicial requirements for
cases, 274
election of judges, 283
procedural rules, 275
State Department, 249, 321
foreign policymaking and,
334
functions of, 254
subagencies of, 254
State government
cooperative federalism, 57–58
devolution, 58–59
dual federalism, 57
extending Bill of Rights to, 67
fiscal federalism, 60
Great Recession and budgets
of, 60
immigration laws, 304
interstate compacts, 53
interstate relations, 53
legislature, requirements of
members of, 172
Medicaid spending and, 299
powers of, 38, 50–51
Civil War and, 55–56
concurrent, 51
division of, between national
government and,
continuing dispute over,
56 – 61
to levy taxes, 51
police, 50, 57
prohibited, 51
reserved, 50
supremacy clause and, 51, 53
prohibited from entering into
treaty and, 51
same-sex marriage recognized
by, 51, 52, 62, 112
states’ rights
recent Supreme Court trend
toward, 61
shift back to, before Civil War,
56
State of the Union address, 231
State party organization, 156Souter, David, 285
Southern Christian Leadership
Conference (SCLC), 97, 145
South Korea
invaded by North Korea, 339
Korean war and, 339
lobbying by, 151
Soviet Bloc, 338
Soviet Union
beginning of Korean War, 339
Cold War and, 338
Cuban missile crisis, 339–340
détente and, 340
dissolution of, 341
Intermediate-Range Nuclear
Force (INF) Treaty, 341
nuclear weapons and, 327
Roosevelt’s recognition of, 229
Russia after, 341
Strategic Arms Limitation
Treaty (SALT I), 340
Strategic Arms Reduction
Treaty (START), 341
superpower relations with
United States and,
339–341
Spain
dept crisis, 332–333
ETA organization and
terrorism, 323–324
Spanish-American War, 338
Speaker of the House, 213
Speech, freedom of, 8–9, 68
clear and present danger, 75
commercial speech, 75
imminent lawless action test,
76
limits on rights of, and
deportees, 88
obscenity, 76–77
prior restraint, 73–74
slander, 77–78
student speech, 78–79
symbolic speech, 74
Speech, hate, 67
Spin, 137
Spin doctor, 137
Splinter party, 166
Spoiler effect, 166
Spoils system, 259
Spring review, 217
Stamp Act, 23
Standing committees, 210–2119781285436388_em_indx_383-410.indd 407 10/22/13 7:05 AM
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