Steels_ Metallurgy and Applications, Third Edition

388 Index

Standard specifications (continued)
for linepipe, 189-90
low-carbon structural steels, 152-3
mild/low-strength steels, 37
for offshore structures, 178
for pipelines, 187-8
for pressure vessels, 351-3
rail steels, 275
reinforcing bars, 179
for ship construction, 168-70
stainless steels, 228-9, 301-302
for steel bridges, 183-4
for steel-framed buildings, 185-7
weathering steels, 153, 163
weldable structural steels, 152
zinc-coated steels, 90-91
Steam drums, 362, 365
Steam headers, 363, 364
Steam pipes, 363, 364-5
Steam power turbines, 264-5
generator end rings, 268
HP and IP rotors, 265-6
LP rotors, 266-8
turbine blades, 271, 311
turbine bolts, 268-70, 311
turbine casings, 265
Steel bridges, 182
brittle fracture design, 182-3
standard specifications, 183-4
Steel cladding, for buildings, 124-5
Steel drums, 125-6
Steel lintels, 125
Steel prices
engineering steels, 232, 235
high-alloy steels, 332
low-carbon strip steel, 95
nickel superalloys, 332
stainless steels, 320-21
Steel-framed buildings, 123-4, 184, 185
Stelvetite, 94
Stitch folding technique, 106
Strain, 20-21
Strain ageing, 33
Strain markings, cold forming, 86
Strain ratio, 20, 21-4
strain-induced martensite, 294, 343, 349,
351
Strauss, Benno, 291
Strauss test, 322
Strengthening mechanisms
dislocation strengthening, 140
ferrite grain refinement, 140-41
precipitation strengthening, 142-4
solid solution strengthening, 141 - 2
transformation strengthening, 144
work hardening, 140

Stress see engineering stress; true stress

Stress corrosion cracking (SCC), 268,

328-30, 333

see also sulphide stress corrosion

cracking

Stress-life curve, 111

Stretchability, 19, 20

Stretcher strain markings, 33

Strip steel see low-carbon strip steel

Structural steels see low-carbon structural

steels

Sub-zero temperature behaviour, stainless

steels, 348-51

Submerged arc welding (SAW), 189

Sulfinuz process, 221

Sulphide stress corrosion cracking

(SSCC), 195

Sulphur

as alloying element, 41, 43, 202

effect on weldability, 339, 340-41

as free cutting additive, 237-8

Superheater/reheater tubing, 362, 364

Surface roughness, 33

Surface-hardening treatments, 219- 26

Tailored blanks, laser-welded, 33-4

Taylor Tool Life test, 236

Tellurium, as free cutting additive, 239

Tempcore (controlled cooling) process,

180-82

Temper rolling, 5, 33

Tempering process, 217-19

Tensile properties, changes over extended

temperature range, 348-51

Terne-coating, 123

Ternex coated steel, 123

Texture characterization, 12-15

Thermomechanical processing, 138, 148

Thin slab casting, 5-6

Thin strip casting, 6

Three-piece can-making process, 98

Through-hardening steels, 201, 233-4

Ti6A 14V, 271

TIG (tungsten inert gas) welding, 106, 338

Time- temperature-transformation (TIT)

diagrams see isothemal

transformation diagrams

Tinplate

can-making processes, 98-100

electrolytic, 97-8

manufacture, 96-8

Titanium

as alloying element, 8, 39, 41

as carbide former, 324

corrosion resistance, 374

effect on bake hardening, 70-71