Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology

The Nervous System

165

Student Objectives (Continued)

• State the locations and functions of cerebrospinal
  fluid.


• Name the cranial nerves, and state their functions.


• Explain how the sympathetic division of the auto-
  nomic nervous system enables the body to adapt
  to a stress situation.


• Explain how the parasympathetic division of the
  autonomic nervous system promotes normal body
  functioning in relaxed situations.

New Terminology

Afferent (AFF-uh-rent)
Autonomic nervous system (AW-toh-NOM-ik)
Cauda equina (KAW-dah ee-KWHY-nah)
Cerebral cortex (se-REE-bruhl KOR-teks)
Cerebrospinal fluid (se-REE-broh-SPY-nuhl)
Choroid plexus (KOR-oid PLEK-sus)
Corpus callosum (KOR-pus kuh-LOH-sum)
Cranial nerves (KRAY-nee-uhl NERVS)
Efferent (EFF-uh-rent)
Gray matter (GRAYMA-TUR)
Neuroglia (new-ROG-lee-ah)
Neurolemma (NYOO-ro-LEM-ah)

Parasympathetic (PAR-uh-SIM-puh-THET-ik)

Reflex (REE-fleks)

Somatic (soh-MA-tik)

Spinal nerves (SPY-nuhl NERVS)

Sympathetic (SIM-puh-THET-ik)

Ventricles of brain (VEN-trick’ls)

Visceral (VISS-er-uhl)

White matter (WIGHTMA-TUR)

Related Clinical Terminology

Alzheimer’s disease (ALZ-high-mer’s)

Aphasia (ah-FAY-zee-ah)

Blood–brain barrier (BLUHD BRAYNE)

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) (se-REE-broh-

VAS-kyoo-lur)

Lumbar puncture (LUM-bar PUNK-chur)

Meningitis (MEN-in-JIGH-tis)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) (MULL-ti-puhl skle-

ROH-sis)

Neuralgia (new-RAL-jee-ah)

Neuritis (new-RYE-tis)

Neuropathy (new-RAH-puh-thee)

Parkinson’s disease (PAR-kin-son’s)

Remission (ree-MISH-uhn)

Spinal shock (SPY-nuhl SHAHK)

Terms that appear in bold typein the chapter text are defined in the glossary, which begins on page 547.