Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology

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CHAPTER 10

Chapter Outline

Chemistry of Hormones
Regulation of Hormone Secretion
The Pituitary Gland
Posterior Pituitary Gland
Antidiuretic hormone
Oxytocin
Anterior Pituitary Gland
Growth hormone
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Prolactin
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Luteinizing hormone
Thyroid Gland
Thyroxine and T 3
Calcitonin
Parathyroid Glands
Parathyroid Hormone
Pancreas
Glucagon
Insulin
Adrenal Glands
Adrenal Medulla
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
Adrenal Cortex
Aldosterone
Cortisol
Ovaries
Estrogen
Progesterone
Inhibin

Testes

Testosterone

Inhibin

Other Hormones

Prostaglandins

Mechanisms of Hormone Action

The Two-Messenger Mechanism—Protein

Hormones

Action of Steroid Hormones

Aging and the Endocrine System

BOX10–1 DISORDERS OF GROWTH HORMONE

BOX10–2 DISORDERS OF THYROXINE

BOX10–3 DIABETES MELLITUS

BOX10–4 DISORDERS OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX

Student Objectives

• Name the endocrine glands and the hormones
  secreted by each.


• Explain how a negative feedback mechanism
  works.


• Explain how the hypothalamus is involved
  in the secretion of hormones from the pos-
  terior pituitary gland and anterior pituitary
  gland.


• State the functions of oxytocin and antidiuretic
  hormone, and explain the stimulus for secretion
  of each.


• State the functions of the hormones of the ante-
  rior pituitary gland, and state the stimulus for
  secretion of each.