- Which of the following is at odds with conformity?
a. The need for achievement
b. The need for autonomy
c. The need for order
d. The need for affiliation - The autokinetic effect, associated with ambiguity in perception, has been used
to study
a. psychopathic deviation
b. antisocial behavior
c. the structure of social dyads
d. social influence - What hypothesis suggests that we are less likely to conform to social expecta-
tions if we perceive ourselves carrying only an insignificant portion of an over-
all responsibility to act?
a. The diffusion hypothesis
b. The exclusion hypothesis
c. The density hypothesis
d. The credibility hypothesis - What mental state is created when opposed ideas exist simultaneously at a
conscious level?
a. Affective helplessness
b. Cognitive dissonance
c. Affective congruence
d. Cognitive congruence
ANSWERS TO THE SELF-TEST1-c 2-a 3-c 4-d 5-b 6-a 7-b 8-d 9-a 10-bANSWERS TO THE TRUE-OR-FALSE PREVIEW QUIZ- True.
- False. Personality traits play an important role in interpersonal attraction.
- False. In the art of persuasion, a two-sided argument is usually more effective than a
one-sided argument. - False. The social phenomenon known as bystander apathy is explained by the diffusion
hypothesis. This hypothesis suggests that we are less likely to conform to social expec-
tations if we perceive ourselves as carrying only an insignificant portion of an overall
responsibility to act. - True.
260 PSYCHOLOGY