Medical Microbiology

224 3 GeneralBacteriology

Table3. 9 Continued:OverviewoftheMedicallyMostImportantBacteria

Family

Genus,species

Characteristics Clinical

manifestations

Continued:Section 7.

Vibrionaceae Comma-shaped,polar

flagella,oxidase-positive

Vibriocholerae Alkalinetolerance,

exotoxin,noinvasionofthe

smallintestine’smucosa

Cholera,massivewatery

diarrhea

Aeromonadaceae

Aeromonasspp. Aquaticbiotopes,fish

infections

Occasionallythecauseof

enteritisinman

Pasteurellaceae Smallstraightrods,

nonmotile

Pasteurellamultocida Pathogenofvariousanimals

(sepsis)

Infectionsviadermal

injuries(rare)

Haemophilusinfluenzae XandVfactorsforculturing,

capsuleserovar“b”(Hib)

Meningitis,respiratory

tractinfections

Cardiobacteriaceae

Cardiobacteriumhominis HACEKgroup.Normal

mucosalfloraofhumans,

nonmotile

Endocarditis(rare).

Opportunisticinfections

Section8.Gram-negativeaerobicrods

Pseudomonadaceae Straightorcurvedrods,

motile,oxidase-positive.

Ubiquitousbacteria

Nosocomialinfections

Pseudomonasaeruginosa

andmanyfurtherspecies

Fluorescentpigments

produced.Otherproperties

asabove

Nosocomialinfections,

frequentmultipleantibiotic

resistance

“Burkholderiaceae”

Burkholderiacepacia Ubiquitous Nosocomialinfections.

Oftenresistancetomulti-

pleantibiotics

B.mallei Malleusofhorses Skinabscesses.Veryrare

B.pseudomallei Habitat:soil Melioidosis(Asia)

3

Kayser, Medical Microbiology © 2005 Thieme