Medical Microbiology

228 3 GeneralBacteriology

Nomenclature.............................................

TherulesofbacterialnomenclaturearesetoutintheInternationalCodefor

theNomenclatureofBacteria.Aspeciesisdesignatedwithtwolatinized

names,thefirstofwhichcharacterizesthegenusandthesecondthespecies.

Familynamesalwaysendin-aceae.Taxonomicnamesapprovedbythe

“InternationalCommitteeofSystematicBacteriology”areconsideredofficial

andbinding.Inmedicalpractice,shorthandleshavebecomepopularinmany

cases,forinstancegonococciinsteadofNeisseriagonorrheaeorpneumococci

(oreven“streppneumos”)insteadofStreptococcuspneumoniae.

Table3. 9 Continued:OverviewoftheMedicallyMostImportantBacteria

Family

Genus,species

Characteristics Clinical

manifestations

Continued:Section 1 2.

Chlamydiapsittaci Reservoir:infectedbirds.

Infectionbyinhalationof

pathogen-containingdust

Ornithosis(pneumonia)

Chlamydiapneumoniae Onlyinhumans,aerogenic

transmission

Infectionsofthe

respiratorytract,

oftensubacute.Rolein

atherosclerosisofcoronary

arteriesstillunclear

Section 1 3.Mycoplasmas(bacteriawithoutcellwalls)

Mycoplasmataceae Pleomorphic;nomurein,

thereforeresistanttoantibio-

ticsthatattackthecellwall

Mycoplasmapneumoniae Reservoirhuman,aerogenic

infection

Pneumonia(frequently

atypical)

Ureaplasmaurealyticum Componentofthenormal

floraoftheurogenitaltract

Urethritis(nonspecific)

3

Kayser, Medical Microbiology © 2005 Thieme