Medical Microbiology

Table 1 2. 2 LowerRespiratoryTract

Infection Mostimportant

pathogens

Laboratorydiagnosis

Acutebronchitis.

Acutebronchiolitis

(smallchildren)

Respiratorysyncytialvirus

Parainfluenzaviruses

TypeAinfluenzaviruses

Adenoviruses

Serology,combinedwith

isolationfrompharyngealla-

vageorbronchial

secretion

Rhinoviruses Notrecommended

Mycoplasmapneumoniae Serology

Chlamydiapneumoniae Serologyifrequired

Pertussis Bordetellapertussis Culture;specialmaterial

samplingandtransport

requirements

Directimmunofluorescencein

smear

Acuteexacerbation

of“chronicobstructive

pulmonarydisease”

(COPD)

Streptococcuspneumoniae

Haemophilusinfluenzae

Moraxellacatarrhalis

Culturefromsputumor

bronchialsecretion

Tuberculosis Mycobacteriumtuberculosis

othermycobacteria

Microscopyandculture

(timerequirement:

3 – 6–8weeks)

Pneumonia

Viruses( 1 5–2 0 %)

(usuallycommunity-

acquired)

Parainfluenzaviruses

(children)

Respiratorysyncytialvirus

(children)

Influenzaviruses

Adenoviruses

Serology,combined

withisolationfrom

pharyngeallavageor

bronchialsecretionor

antigendetectioninnasal

secretion

Epstein-Barrvirus(EBV) Serology

Cytomegalovirus(CMV)

(intransplantpatients)

Measlesvirus

Serology,combinedwith

isolationfrompharyngeal

lavageorbronchialsecretion;

cellcultureifCMVpneumonia

suspected.AntigenorDNA

assay.

Serology

632 12 EtiologicalandLaboratoryDiagnosticSummariesinTabularForm

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Kayser, Medical Microbiology © 2005 Thieme