organization – continued
204, 213, 218, 224–6, 239, 242,
245–6, 249, 262, 269, 272, 279
organism 50, 51, 52
outputs, political 52, 53, 55, 109, 112
overdeveloped state 118, 120, 132
Pakistan 6, 8, 18, 113, 114, 115,
117–19, 146, 161, 163–4, 173,
178, 186, 195, 197, 205–7,
216–17, 265
Papua New Guinea 206
parastatal 168
participation 57, 69–70, 82, 102, 122,
127, 135–6, 138, 141, 151–2, 162,
179, 180–1, 193, 203, 225, 228,
232–3, 237–9, 242, 246, 249,
251–3, 256, 258–9, 261, 263, 265,
268–9, 272, 278, 280
particularism 48, 97
patronage 8, 126, 135, 152, 154, 166,
172, 208, 280
patron–client relations 105, 153,
154, 155
pattern maintenance 50
pattern variables 47, 49, 54, 57, 58,
63, 86
patterns of dependence 93
peasantry 25, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249
per capita income 2–3, 14, 16, 93, 96,
205, 207, 224, 260, 263, 279
Pergau Dam 281
peripheral communities 86, 89,
203, 215
Peru 2, 173, 251, 254, 264, 273, 275
PETROBRAS 93
petty-bourgeoisie 116, 120
Philippines 17, 33, 130, 194, 223,
239, 244, 245, 254, 268, 275
plantations 37, 39, 40, 42, 87
pluralism 9, 88, 109–11, 148, 176,
201, 202, 221, 232, 258, 260,
263, 274
policy 16, 22, 28, 37–8, 42, 58, 76,
79–80, 82–4, 92, 95, 97, 105, 108,
110, 112, 117, 120, 122, 124–5,
127–9, 132–3, 136–7, 140, 144–5,
148, 151–2, 157, 160–2, 165, 167,
169, 171–2, 174, 178, 185, 190–1,
196, 214, 221, 223, 230, 259, 268,
272–3, 276, 278
Polisario 194
political annexation 23
political autonomy 76, 200, 206,
208, 281
political communication 55
political culture 15, 54, 57, 58, 125,
143, 155, 176, 185–6, 232, 233,
234, 235, 259, 265–7, 281
political functions 52, 55
political mobilization 62, 137, 142,
179, 181, 196, 215, 221, 242,
279, 280
political order 73, 144, 221, 228, 248
political organization 36, 38, 51, 72,
93, 139, 143, 144, 178, 179, 189,
225, 226, 227, 246, 279
political recruitment 41, 56, 58, 69,
119, 136, 149, 151, 160, 162, 172,
183, 205, 210, 246, 259, 261
political rights 30, 90, 110, 251, 258,
261, 264, 274
populism 62, 122
Portugal 27, 32, 90, 250
Portuguese 24, 34, 36, 37
post-colonial state 79, 108, 111–18,
120, 121, 131, 156, 161, 202,
203, 240
poverty 7, 9, 12, 14–16, 18–19, 20,
35, 60, 81, 84, 99, 130, 137, 138,
220, 223, 225, 227, 228, 247,
258, 260
pre-industrial society 242
pressure groups 52, 55, 80, 128, 133,
161, 162, 180
primary commodities 5, 17
professionalism 123, 164, 188, 192
progress 5–7, 14, 20, 29, 30, 43, 44,
53, 59, 61, 66, 68, 73, 96–7, 161,
221, 226, 230, 265, 275, 277, 279quantitative analysis 263race 55, 60, 147, 158, 198, 199,
201, 231
rationalization 46, 47, 57, 70, 279316 Index