Cross product
defined, 430, 482
property of, 430
Cube, finding volume of, 802, 831
Cubic centimeter, 465, 489, 490
Cubic unit, 801, 831
Cylinder, finding volume of, 802,
831Decimal
addends and, 331
adding
carrying and, 331, 398
estimating sums, 336, 398
process for, 331
signed, 335, 398
vertical form for, 330, 397
comparing
with another decimal, 321, 396
with a fraction, 378, 405
converting from words to
standard form, 320, 395
defined, 316
dividing
by another decimal, 360, 361,
402
by powers of 10, 364, 402, 403
signed, 364, 403
by a whole number, 358, 401
equivalency to fraction, 372, 404
expanded form of, 318, 395
expanded notation of, 318, 395
fractional part, 316, 395
graphing on a number line, 322,
396
graphs and, 324
as irrational numbers, 376
multiplying
estimating products, 351, 400
by powers of 10 greater than
1, 347, 399
by powers of 10 less than 1,
348, 399
process for, 344, 399
signed, 349, 400
vertical form for, 345
negative, 317, 321
number lines and, 378
as rational numbers, 376
reading, 319, 395
repeating
defined, 373, 404
rounding, 376, 404
rounding, 322, 396
square root of, 388
square roots and
nonterminating, 390
standard form of, 317
standard notation of, 317
subtracting
borrowing and, 333, 398
estimating differences in,
336, 398
process for, 333
regrouping for, 333, 398
signed, 335, 398
vertical form for, 332, 397in sums, 331
tables and, 324
terminating, 373, 404
whole number part, 316, 395
writing
as a percent, 506, 572
in words, 319, 395
Decimal equivalent, 372
Decimal notation, 316
Decimal numeration system, 316,
395
Decimal point, 316
Decimal quotient
estimating, 363, 402
rounding, 362, 402
Degree, as measure of an angle,
714
Degrees (temperature)
Celsius
conversion formula for,
474
measuring, 492
scale, 474
Fahrenheit
conversion formula for, 474
measuring, 492
scale, 474
Denominator
of 0, 210, 297
of 1, 210, 297
common, 242
defined, 208, 296, 308
least common.SeeLeast
common denominator
(LCD)
order of operations and, 102,
126, 183, 200
Diameter, 793, 829
Difference
decimals and, 332
defined, 29
Digits, 2, 113
Discount
defined, 544
formula for, 544, 580, 581
Discount rate, 544
Distributive property
defined, 649
simplifying expressions with,
699
subtraction and, 650
Dividend, 54
Divisibility
defined, 61
tests for, 61
Division
algebraic phrases of, 641
equality property of, 664,
700
key words and phrases
indicating, 64, 121
long
form of, 358
process for, 56, 120
properties of
formula representing, 639
statement of, 55, 121symbols used for, 54, 120
of whole numbers ending with
zero, 62, 121
with zero, 56, 121
Division ladder, 84, 123
Divisor, 54
Double-bar graph, 596, 622Endpoint, 713
English system of measurement,
443, 485
Equality
addition property of, 659,
700
division property of, 664, 700
multiplication property of,
662, 700
subtraction property of, 700
Equal-sized group
forming
solving by dividing fractions,
237, 301
solving by division, 179, 199
Equation
compared to expression, 658
defined, 428, 658, 700
satisfying, 658
sides of, 658
solution of, 658, 700
solving
defined, 659, 700
with multiple properties of
equality, 668
simplifying expressions in,
671, 701
strategy for solving, 673, 701
Equiangular triangle, 737
Equilateral triangle, 737
Equivalent equations, 659, 700
Equivalent expressions, 648
Equivalent fractions
defined, 211, 297
Estimation
front-end rounding
addition and, 20, 116
multiplication and, 46, 119
subtraction and, 33, 117
with percents, 552, 582
of quotients, 62, 121
simplifying calculations using,
187, 200
Euclid, 712
Expanded form
of decimals, 318
of whole numbers, 4, 113
Expanded notation.See
Expanded form
Exponent
defined, 85, 124
natural-number
defined, 688, 705
rules for, 693, 705
of one, 693
power rule for
defined, 691
formula representing, 693,
705product rule for
defined, 690
formula representing, 693,
705
Exponential expression
defined, 85, 689
evaluating, 85, 124
with decimal base, 349, 400
with fractional base, 224,
299
with negative bases, 169, 198
Exponential notation, 85
Expression
compared to equation, 658
defined, 35, 639, 697
evaluating, 643, 697
containing fractions and
decimals, 380, 405
containing square roots, 388,
407
defined, 35, 118
in horizontal form, 35, 118
involving addition, 159, 196
involving multiple additions,
149, 195
involving subtraction, 159,
196
order of operations rule for,
102, 126
key words and phrases of, 641,
697
simplifying
defined, 648
distributive property and,
699
multiplication properties
and, 648, 698
to solve equations, 671, 701
Extreme, in a proportion, 430,
482Factor, 40, 80, 123
Factor tree, 83, 123
Fahrenheit
conversion formula for, 474
measuring, 492
scale, 474
Form of 1, 210, 297
Formula
complex fractions and, 287, 308
decimals and, 350, 365, 400
square roots and, 390, 407
Fraction
adding
with different denominator,
245, 302
with same denominator,
242, 302
building
defined, 211
process for, 212, 297
comparing, 249, 303
comparing with decimal, 378,
405
complex
defined, 288, 309
simplifying, 288, 309I-2 Index