Basic Mathematics for College Students

in decimal notation
defined, 316
repeating decimals and, 508,
572
defined, 208, 296
with different denominator
adding, 245
subtracting, 245
dividing
like signed, 237, 301
rule for, 235, 300
unlike signed, 236, 301
equivalency to decimal, 372,
404
equivalent, 211, 297
fundamental property of, 212
graphing on a number line, 260,
304
greater than 1 as a percent, 507
identifying the greater of two,
249, 303
improper
converting from mixed
number, 259
defined, 209, 297
writing as mixed number, 260
lowest terms of, 213, 297
multiplying
process for, 211, 222, 298
signed, 222, 299
simplifying answers, 223
three or more, 224
negative, 209
number lines and, 378
ofin problems using, 225, 299
proper, 209, 297
as rational number, 211
as repeating decimal, 507, 572
with same denominator
adding, 242
subtracting, 242
signed
multiplying, 222, 299
subtracting, 243
simplest form of, 213, 297
simplifying
process for, 214
steps of, 216, 297
simplifying special forms of,
210
square root of, 388
subtracting
with different denominator,
245, 302
with same denominator, 242,
302
signed, 243
undetermined, 210
uses for, 208
writing
as a decimal, 372, 374, 404
as a percent, 506, 572
Fraction bar, 54
Frequency polygon, 602, 625
Front-end rounding
addition and, 20, 116
multiplication and, 46, 119

percents and amount of, 552

subtraction and, 33, 117

Fundamental property of

fractions, 212

GCD.SeeGreatest common

divisor (GCD)

GCF.SeeGreatest common

factor (GCF)

Geometry

defined, 712, 811

using algebraic concepts to

solve problems of, 716

Grade point average (GPA),

finding, 612, 628

Gram, 489

Graph of a number, 5

Greatest common divisor

(GCD), 96

See alsoGreatest common

factor (GCF)

Greatest common factor (GCF)

defined, 95, 125

finding using prime

factorization, 96, 125

Grouping symbol

defined, 104, 184

innermost pair, 106

key words and phrases

indicating, 105

outermost pair, 106

Hemisphere, 809

Histogram, 601, 624

Horizontal axis, 595, 622

Horizontal form

for addition problems, 16

for multiplication problems, 40

for subtraction problems, 29

Hypotenuse

defined, 738, 818

of a right triangle, 738, 747, 818

Implied coefficient, 640

Improper fraction

converting from mixed

number, 259, 304

defined, 209, 297

writing as mixed number, 260,

304

Inequality

strict, 136

symbols used for, 136, 193

Inequality symbol

defined, 6, 113

uses for, 5

Integer

absolute value of, 136

adding

like signed, 145, 194

unlike signed, 147, 194

defined, 133, 192

dividing

signed, 176, 199

by zero, 178, 199

graphing on a number line,

133

multiplying

with like signs, 166, 197

nonzero, 167

to solve repeated additions,

171, 198

with unlike signs, 165, 197

negative

defined, 133, 137

multiplying, 169, 198

on number line, 193

powers of, 170, 198

opposites, 137, 193

positive, 133

subtracting, 156

Interest

compound

defined, 562, 585

formula for, 565, 586

time spans for computing,

563, 585

defined, 559, 584

simple

defined, 560, 584

formula for, 560, 584

Interest rate, 559

Interior angle

defined, 815

examples of, 727

finding unknown measures of

with algebra, 815

property of, 728

Inverse operation, 33, 55

Irregular shape, finding area of,

784, 797, 827, 830

Isosceles triangle

converse of theorem for, 739

defined, 737

parts of, 738, 818

properties of, 818

theorem for, 737

Key

for bar graphs, 596

for graphs, 622

for pictographs, 597

LCD.SeeLeast common

denominator (LCD)

LCM.SeeLeast common

multiple (LCM)

Least common denominator

(LCD)

defined, 244, 302

finding, 248

Least common multiple (LCM)

defined

of denominators, 302

of two whole numbers, 90,

91, 124

finding

of denominators, 302

of fractions, 247

for larger numbers, 92

by listing multiples, 91, 125

using prime factorization,

93, 125

of two whole numbers, 247

Leg

of a right triangle, 747

of a trapezoid, 769, 825

of a triangle, 738, 818

Length

American units of, 444

American/metric

equivalencies, 470, 491

metric/American

equivalencies, 470, 491

prefixes for metric units of, 456

unit conversion factor for

American, 445

metric, 458, 488

Like terms

combining, 653, 654, 699

defined, 652, 699

Line

coplanar, 725, 815

defined, 712

parallel, 725, 726, 815

perpendicular, 726, 815

skew, 725

Line graph, reading, 599, 623

Line segment

congruency of, 713, 812

defined, 713, 812

Liter, 464

Long division

form of, 358

process for, 56, 120

Mass

American/metric

equivalencies, 471, 491

defined, 461, 489

metric/American

equivalencies, 471, 491

prefixes for metric units of, 461

Mathematical statement,

converse of, 739, 750

Mean

defined, 107, 126, 627

finding, 107, 126, 609, 627

in a proportion, 430, 482

Means-extremes property, 430

Measure of central tendency, 609,

627

Median

defined, 613

finding, 613, 628

Meter, 456, 488

Metric prefix, 456, 488

Metric system of measurement,

456

Metric unit conversion factor

for capacity, 464, 489

for length, 458, 488

for mass, 462, 489

Metric units

of capacity

defined, 464, 489

prefixes for, 464

of length

conversion chart for, 459,

460

prefixes for, 456

Index I-3