690
INDEX
Angiotensin III, 671
Angiotensinogen, 670
Angiotensins, 672
Anion exchanger 1, 612
Anomic aphasia, 297, 298
Anosmia, 222, 282
Anovulatory cycles, 413–414, 422
Anoxia, 616
ANP.
See
Atrial natriuretic peptide
Anterior olfactory nucleus, 221
Anterior pituitary hormones, 279–280
Anterior pituitary secretion, 279–282
anterior pituitary hormones, 279–280
clinical implications, 282
hypophysiotropic hormones, 280–282
hypothalamic control, 280
significance, 282
Antiarrhythmic drugs, 501
Anticlotting mechanisms, 533–535
Anticoagulants, 535
Antidiuretic hormone, 279, 666
Antidromic conduction, 88
Antigen inheritance, 529
Antigen presentation, 71–72
Antigen-presenting cells, 71
Antigen recognition, 71
Antiports, 46
Antithrombin III, 533
Antral systole, 473
Antrum formation, 411
Anuria, 660
Aortic arch, 558
Aortic bodies, 562
Aortic depressor nerve, 559
AP-1.
See
Assembly protein 1
APCs.
See
Antigen-presenting cells
Aphasias, 297
Apneusis, 627
Apoptosis, 34, 42–43
Aquaporin-1, 652–653
Aquaporins, 45, 652, 666
Aqueous humor, 182
Arachidonate, 28
Arachidonic acid, 28
Arachnoid trabeculae, 572
Arachnoid villi, 571
Arcuate fasciculus, 297
Area postrema, 475, 573, 666
Areflexia, 244
Arginine vasopressin, 277
Argyll Robertson pupil, 189
Aromatase, 404, 416, 427
Arousal response, 233
Arrestins, 132, 178
Arterial circulation, 543–548
Arterial plasma level, 645
Arterial pressure, 544
Arterial pulse, 510–512
Arteries, 536–537
Arteriolar circulation, 543–548
Arterioles, 536–537
Arterioluminal vessels, 578
Arteriosinusoidal vessel, 578
Arteriovenous anastomoses, 538
Atherosclerosis, 28
Asphyxia, 634
Aspiration pneumonia, 594
Assembly protein 1, 45
Associative learning, 290
AST.
See
Plasma aspartate aminotransferase
Asterixis, 252
Astigmatism, 188
Astrocytes, 80, 135
Astrocytic proliferation, 90
Ataxia, 257
Athetosis, 252
ATP.
See
Adenosine triphosphate
ATPase, 35
Atretic follicles, 412
Atrial arrhythmias, 499
Atrial fibrillation, 499
Atrial flutter, 498
Atrial natriuretic peptide, 674
Atrial pressure changes, 512
Atrial stretch receptors, 561
Atrial systole, 489, 508
Atrioventricular node, 489
Audiometry, 213
Audition, cortical areas, 212–213
Auditory agnosia, 155
Auditory cortex, 211
Auditory division, 206
Auditory nerve fibers, 211
Auditory ossicles, 203
Auditory responses of neurons in medulla
oblongata, 211–212
Auditory tube, 203
Augmented limb leads, 494
Auras, 233
Auscultatory method, 545–547
Autocrine communication, 50
Autogenic inhibition, 162
Autoimmune diseases, 75
Autologous transfusion, 529
Autonomic function, 275–276
Autonomic junctions, chemical transmission,
265–266
acetylcholine, 265–266
norepinephrine, 265–266
transmission in sympathetic ganglia, 266
Autonomic nerves, effect of, 327–328
Autonomic nervous system, 261–272
acetylcholine, 265–266
autonomic outflow, 262–265
chemical transmission at autonomic junctions,
265–266
descending input to autonomic preganglionic
neurons, 269
enteric nervous system, 269–271
features, 262–263
norepinephrine, 265–266
parasympathetic cholinergic discharge,
268–269
parasympathetic division, 265
responses of effector organs to autonomic
nerve impulses, 266–269
sympathetic division, 263–265
sympathetic noradrenergic discharge, 268–269
transmission in sympathetic ganglia, 266
Autonomic outflow, 262–265
Autonomic preganglionic neurons, 269
descending input, 269
Autoreceptors, 130
Autoregulation, 563
renal blood flow, 644–645
Autosomes, 392
AV nodal block, 497
AV nodal delay, 492
AV node. See Atrioventricular node
AV P. See Arginine vasopressin
Axial muscles, control of, 242
Axis, 495
Axoaxonal synapses, 122
Axon, 80Axonal conduction velocity, 88
Axonal sprouting, 90
Axonal transport, 82–83
Axon hillock, 80
Axon reflex, 581
Axonemal dynein, 37
Axoneme, 37
Axoplasmic flow, 82B
Babinski sign, 244
Ballism, 252
Barkin, 254
Baroreceptor nerve activity, 560
Baroreceptor resetting, 560
Baroreceptor stimulation, respiratory effects of,
633
Baroreceptors, 558–561
Barr body, 392
Barttin, 214
Basal body, 37
Basal ganglia, 250–254
anatomic considerations, 250–251
diseases of basal ganglia, 252–253
function, 251–252
Parkinson disease, 253–254
Basal lamina, 34
Basal metabolic rate, 462
Basal nuclei, 249
Basal stem cells, 219
Basement membrane, 34
Basic electrical rhythm, 470
Basilar arteries, 412
Basket cells, 255
Basophils, 63–64, 523
B cell exhaustion, 328
B cells, 72–73
long-term changes, 328
Becker muscular dystrophy, 98
Bell–Magendie law, 157
Bels, 209
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, 216
BER. See Basic electrical rhythm
Bernoulli’s principle, 545
Beta-carotene, 191
Beta rhythm, 233–234
Bezold–Jarisch reflex, 632
Bicarbonate excretion, 679–687
Bifascicular block, 497
Bile, 438–440, 482–484
Bile acids, 438
Bile pigments, 438, 483
Biliary secretion, 436
Biliary system, 485–486
bile formation, 485
biliary secretion, 486
cholecystectomy, 486
gallbladder, 485–486
Bilirubin, 527
Bilirubin metabolism, excretion, 483
Biliverdin, 526
Binocular vision, 197–198
Biofeedback, 292
Biologic half-life, 666
Biologic oxidations, 8–10
Biosynthesis, 138–139, 277–278, 317–318
Biphasic action potentials, 88
Biphosphoglycerate, 611
Bipolar, 232
Bipolar cells, 182
Bipolar leads, 492
Bipolar limb leads, 494–495