NOTES43 Ibid., pp. 60–61.
44 Mu.ammad Bennls, Nahr bayna janmzatayn(A River between Two Funerals)
(Casablanca: Dmr Tnbqml, 2000), pp. 30–36.
45 Fawz was the fictitious name for the beloved of the Abbasid poet ‘Abbms Ibn
al-A.naf (d. after 808), suspected to be ‘Ulayyah, the Caliph Hmrnn al-Rashld’s
sister.
46 The shift from the female to the male voice is intentional.
47 >amld Sa‘ld, Mamlakat ‘Abdullmh (‘Abdullmh’s Kingdom) (Baghdad: Dmr
Al-Shu‘nn Al-Thaqmfiyyah, 1988), pp. 109–11.
48 Qmsim >addmd, “Index Suffering Catalog,” trans., Ferial Ghazoul and John
Verlenden, Banipal, 21 (Autumn 2004), pp. 114–15, at p. 115.
49 Adnnls, Al-Xnfiyyah wa-al-surymliyyah(Beirut: Dmr Al-Smql, 1992).
50 Mu.ammad ‘AflflMayar, Rubm‘lyat al-fara.(Quartet of Joy): Poems by Muhammad
Afifi Matar, trans., Ferial Ghazoul and John Verlenden (Fayetteville,
AR: University of Arkansas Press, 1997), p. 2. The text has both the Arabic
version and the English translation. The poems were written between 1975
and 1988.
51 These fall within the “seven arts of versification” mentioned by the Iraqi Xafl
al-Dln al->illl(d. 1339), though he places the mawmliyahas an isthmus, to fit
in either the mu‘raba(inflected) that does not allow unsound usage, and the
mal.nnahthat allows such ungrammaticalities. See Noha Radwan, “Two
Masters of ‘Mmmiyya Poetry,” Journal of Arabic Literature, 35, 2 (2004),
pp. 221–43, at p. 223.
52 See ‘Abd al-Razzmq al->asanl, Al-Aghmnlal-sha ‘biyah(Baghdad: Dmr Al-Najm.,
1929), p. 32.
53 For instance, al-Baymtltitles a poem in his collection Ash‘mr flal-manfm(1956),
“Mawwml Baghdadl” (A Baghdadi mawwml).
54 Mayar, Rubm‘lyat al-fara.(Quartet of Joy), p. 27.
55 Reference to the Prophet’s grandson, brutally killed by Umayyads in October
- See my The Postcolonial Arabic Novel(Leiden: Brill, 2003), p. 297 and n. 18.
56 The verse originated in Baghdad, and began to elicit literary attention in the
late twelfth century. The song is available, with slight differences, in many
translations of The Thousand and One nights. See The Arabian Nights, trans.,
Husain Haddawy (New York: Norton, 1990), 81–82.
57 Fu‘md >addmd, Min Nnr al-Khayml(Cairo: Ruz al-Ynsuf, 1982), p. 29.
58 For a review of these meters, see J. A. Haywood and H. M. Nahmad, A New
Arabic Grammar(London: Lund Humphries, 1965), pp. 455–61.
59 See S. Moreh, Modern Arabic Poetry, 1899–1970 (Leiden: Brill, 1976),
p. 219.
60 See ed. and trans., Mounah A. Khouri and Hamid Algar, “Introduction,” in
An Anthology of Modern Arabic Poetry, p. 16.
61 See Ma.mnd ‘All-al-Sammmn, Al-‘Arn,al-jadld(Cairo: Dmr Al-Macmrif, 1983),
p. 12.
62 See Rabl‘ al-Shammarl, Al-‘Arn,flal-shi‘r al-sha‘blal-‘Irmql(Baghdad: Ministry
of Culture, 1987).
63 For studies of ta‘ziyahpoetry, see Anayatullah Shahidi, “Literary and Musical
Developments in Ta‘ziyeh”; also L. P. Elwell-Sutton, “The Literary Sources of
Ta‘ziyeh”; Hanaway, W., Jr “Stereotyped Imagery in the Ta‘ziyah,” in Ta‘ziyeh:
Ritual and Drama in Iran, ed. Peter Chelkowski (New York: New York
University Press, 1979), pp. 40–63, 167–81, 182–92 respectively.