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PRACTICING FOR NCLEX

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Circle the letter that corresponds to the best

answer for each question.

1.Which of the following short- or long-term

venous access devices is usually introduced

into the subclavian or internal jugular veins

and passed to the superior vena cava just

above the right atrium?

a.Peripherally inserted central catheter

b.Implanted port

c.Central venous catheter

d.Electronic infusion device

2.When teaching a patient about foods that

affect his fluid balance, the nurse will keep in

mind that the electrolyte that primarily con-

trols water distribution throughout the body

is which of the following?

a.Na

b.K

c.Ca

d.Mg

3.A healthy patient eats a regular, balanced

diet and drinks 3,000 mL of liquids during a

24-hour period. In evaluating this patient’s

urine output for the same 24-hour period,

the nurse realizes that it should total approxi-

mately how many mL?

a.3,750

b.3,000

c.1,000

d. 500

4.For the patient with “hyperkalemia related to

decreased renal excretion secondary to potas-

sium-conserving diuretic therapy,” an appro-

priate expected outcome would be which of

the following?

a.Bowel motility will be restored within 24

hours after beginning supplemental K+.

b.ECG will show no cardiac arrhythmias

within 48 hours after removing salt substi-

tutes, coffee, tea, and other K+-rich foods

from diet.

c.ECG will show no cardiac arrhythmias

within 24 hours after beginning supple-

mental K+.

d.Bowel motility will be restored within

24 hours after eliminating salt substitutes,

coffee, tea, and other K+-rich foods from

the diet.

5.Which of the following nursing diagnoses

would you expect to be based on the effects

of fluid and electrolyte imbalance on human

functioning?

a.Constipation related to immobility

b.Pain related to surgical incision

c.Altered Thought Processes related to cere-

bral edema, including mental confusion

and disorientation

d.Health Risk for Infection related to inade-

quate personal hygiene

Balance Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base

Acid–Base Balance

CHAPTER^40

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